Functions of Sinusoids in Different Organs

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What are the three primary variables that blood pressure depends on?

Temperature, blood pressure, breathing rate

Blood sugar levels, lung capacity, exercise intensity

Heart rate, blood viscosity, vessel diameter

Cardiac output, resistance, blood volume (correct)

Where do autonomic reflexes that alter blood pressure occur?

In the frontal lobe

In the spinal cord

Within the medulla oblongata (correct)

Within the cerebellum

What is the role of baroreceptors in regulating blood pressure?

Production of red blood cells

Regulation of body temperature

Digestion of nutrients

Sensory input for the cardiovascular center (correct)

How do autonomic reflexes help in maintaining normal blood pressure?

By quickly adjusting cardiac output or resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the cardiovascular center?

Regulating blood pressure via a negative feedback loop Signup and view all the answers

Where are chemoreceptors located that provide sensory input for blood pressure regulation?

Carotid arteries and aortic arch Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of angiotensin II and ADH in high doses on blood pressure?

Increase blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

How does Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) influence urine output?

Decreases urine output Signup and view all the answers

What happens to blood pressure when there is an increase in cardiac output?

Increases Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone decreases blood pressure by stimulating vasodilation?

Atrial natriuretic peptide Signup and view all the answers

How is Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) released from the atrium of the heart?

In response to increased blood volume and venous return Signup and view all the answers

Which variable directly influences blood pressure by decreasing it?

Decreasing cardiac output Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of edema?

Swelling of the tissue Signup and view all the answers

How is the total cross-sectional area of blood vessels estimated?

By aggregating the lumen diameters of the vessels Signup and view all the answers

If an individual capillary has a small cross-sectional area, why is the total cross-sectional area of capillaries the largest?

Because there are approximately 60,000 miles of capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What would happen to the amount of interstitial fluid in a specific body area if lymph vessels in that area were nonfunctional?

The amount of interstitial fluid would increase Signup and view all the answers

Why do arteries and veins have relatively small total cross-sectional areas despite having individual large cross-sectional areas?

The individual vessel diameter is not relevant to total cross-sectional area Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of slow blood flow in capillaries?

Allows more time for nutrient exchange Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of arteries allows them to be more resilient and resistant to changes in blood pressure compared to veins?

Thicker tunica media Signup and view all the answers

Why do arteries generally maintain their shape in tissues?

Thicker tunica media Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the wall of a companion vein when it is not filled with blood?

It collapses Signup and view all the answers

Which component is more predominant in the walls of veins compared to arteries?

Collagen fibers Signup and view all the answers

Why do arteries remain patent (open) even without blood in them?

More elastic and collagen fibers Signup and view all the answers

In terms of lumen width, how do arteries and veins differ?

Veins have a narrower lumen than arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sinusoids in the liver?

To monitor the blood content for potentially harmful substances Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?

To regulate the movement of substances into and out of the brain through membrane transport processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a capillary bed?

To deliver blood to a group of 10 to 100 capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of structures with sinusoids?

They facilitate the removal of aged erythrocytes from the cardiovascular circulation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a location where sinusoids are found?

Anterior pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sinusoids in the spleen?

To remove aged erythrocytes from the cardiovascular circulation Signup and view all the answers