17 Questions
What is the term for the localized change in the potential of an axonal membrane?
Action potential
What is the primary function of a neuron?
To respond to stimuli
What is the primary difference between non-myelinated and myelinated nerve fibers?
The speed of impulse transmission
What is the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?
To communicate with target neurons at synapses
What is the term for the imbalance of ions and other substances between the cytoplasm and ECF?
Electrical potential
What is the term for the site where one neuron sends a message to a target neuron?
Synapse
What is the primary function of synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic neuron?
To store and release neurotransmitter molecules
What is the role of neurotransmitters in the synapse?
To bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron and influence its firing
What is the result of activation of postsynaptic receptors?
The opening or closing of ion channels in the cell membrane
What is the purpose of the synaptic cleft?
To provide a gap for neurotransmitter molecules to diffuse across
What is a characteristic of a single axon?
It can have multiple branches, allowing it to make synapses on various postsynaptic cells
What is the result of depolarizing the inside of a muscle cell?
The muscle cell becomes more positive
What is the function of the somatic nervous system in relation to muscle tissue?
To control skeletal muscle cells
What is a motor unit composed of?
A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
What is the purpose of the creatine phosphate pathway in muscle contraction?
To provide a quick source of ATP
What is the result of high frequency stimulation of a muscle?
Tetanic contractions with high frequency
What type of muscle contraction is characterized by a brief contraction followed by relaxation?
Muscle twitch
Learn about the functions of nerve and muscle cells, including the generation of action potentials, transmission of nerve impulses, and the role of excitatory neurotransmitters. Understand the main functional adaptations of neurons and how they facilitate impulse transmission.
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