Functions of Bones in Human Body

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the periosteum?

To supply bone cells with nutrients

To store adipose tissue in the cavity of long bones

To provide a smooth surface at joint articulations

To secure the periosteum to the underlying bone (correct)

Which bone classification category includes the vertebrae and hip bone?

Long bones

Short bones

Irregular bones (correct)

Flat bones

What is the composition of the epiphysis of a long bone?

A layer of spongy bone surrounded by compact bone

Primarily compact bone

Fibrous connective tissue membrane

Glassy hyaline cartilage (correct)

Which type of bone tissue primarily makes up the diaphysis of a long bone?

Compact bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Sharpey's fibers in a long bone?

To secure the periosteum to the underlying bone Signup and view all the answers

In which part of a long bone would you find yellow marrow in adults?

Medullary cavity Signup and view all the answers

What do bone markings represent?

Bumps, holes, and ridges on bone surfaces Signup and view all the answers

'Axial Skeleton' refers to bones that are mainly located:

In the skull, ribs, and vertebrae Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bone formation and growth?

Secreting new bone tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bone classifications is correctly matched with an example?

Irregular bone - vertebrae Signup and view all the answers

In the axial skeleton, which bones are primarily included?

Bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tissue forms a passageway connecting neighboring osteocytes in an osteon?

Canaliculus Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle would you expect to be prominent in osteoclasts due to their function?

Lysosomes Signup and view all the answers

What process occurs when bones thicken due to the action of osteoblasts?

Bone deposition Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone is commonly found in the cranium?

Flat bone Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of life do bones typically grow before reaching adulthood?

Adolescence Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone cells are responsible for breaking down bone matrix for remodeling and release of calcium?

Osteoclasts Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of osteoblasts in bone tissue?

Form new bone tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone cells are mature bone cells?

Osteocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of osteocytes in bone tissue?

Maintain bone tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone cells are responsible for bone formation?

Osteoblasts Signup and view all the answers

In bone anatomy, what is the purpose of epiphyseal plates during childhood?

To allow for longitudinal growth of long bones Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the skeleton primarily remains as hyaline cartilage in adult humans?

Axial skeleton Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the process of bone formation?

Ossification Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bones in protecting soft body organs?

Protection of organs Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tissue is dense, smooth, and homogeneous?

Compact bone Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of bones contains mostly spongy bone and is generally cube-shaped?

Short bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of storing minerals and fats associated with bones?

Providing a storehouse for essential minerals Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the skeleton includes bones like the humerus, femur, radius, and ulna?

Appendicular skeleton Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes long bones in terms of their shape and structure?

Contain heads at both ends with mostly compact bone Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of bones contains examples like patella, carpals, and tarsals?

Short bones Signup and view all the answers

In which type of bone tissue do many open spaces exist between needlelike pieces of bone?

Cancellous bone tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes the function of bones as 'steel girders and reinforced concrete of the body'?

Support Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton?

Axial skeleton supports the body's main axis, while appendicular skeleton includes bones of the limbs. Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of bones is most likely to include the ribs and sternum?

Flat bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bone salts in the skeletal system?

Store minerals Signup and view all the answers

In bone formation and remodeling, what is the role of the organic matrix?

Provide strength and flexibility Signup and view all the answers

Which area of a long bone is responsible for the production of red blood cells?

Epiphysis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common function of the bones in the legs according to the text?

To act as pillars to support the body trunk when standing Signup and view all the answers

'Dried-up body' is the literal translation of which Greek term?

'Skeleton' Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Flat bones are thin, flattened, and usually curved with thin layers of compact bone around spongy bone, examples include the skull, ribs, and sternum.
Irregular bones have irregular shapes and do not fit into other bone classification categories, examples include vertebrae and the hip bone.
Long bones consist of the diaphysis (shaft made of compact bone) and epiphysis (ends made mostly of spongy bone).
Structures of a long bone include the periosteum, sharpey's fibers, arteries, articular cartilage, medullary cavity, and bone markings.
Bone formation involves osteoblasts and osteoclasts thickening bones, with bones forming during development, growth, remodeling, and healing of fractures.
Functions of bones include protection of organs, movement due to attached skeletal muscles, storage of minerals and fats, and blood cell formation through hematopoiesis.
The human skeleton has 206 bones, with two basic types of bone tissue: compact bone (dense and smooth) and spongy bone (composed of small needlelike pieces with open spaces).
Classification of bones includes long bones (e.g. humerus, femur), short bones (e.g. carpals, patella), and sites for muscle, tendon, ligament attachments, as well as passages for nerves and blood vessels.

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Description

Learn about the functions of bones in the human body, including protection of organs, support for movement through attached muscles, and storage of minerals and fats. Explore how bones play a crucial role in maintaining bodily functions.