30 Questions
What is the function of the allantois in the embryonic period?
All of the above.
When does the umbilical cord begin to form?
At the 8-10 week of development.
What is the purpose of the umbilical cord in the womb?
All of the above.
What is the role of the placenta and amnion after the second month of development?
They begin to function after the allantois regresses.
Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent severe meconium aspiration in the fetus?
Monitoring the amniotic fluid for meconium and watching for fetal distress.
What is the role of the allantois in the development of the $ ext{umbilical cord}$ and $ ext{blood vessels}$?
The allantois participates in the development of both the umbilical cord and the blood vessels.
What is the primary function of the amnion?
To protect the fetus from mechanical impacts and infections
What is oligohydramnios?
A deficiency of amniotic fluid, typically less than 500 ml
Which of the following is a potential cause of polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid)?
Fetal esophageal atresia or goiter
What is the primary function of the umbilical cord?
To facilitate the exchange of nutrients and waste between the mother and fetus
Which of the following is NOT a function of the amnion?
Facilitating the exchange of nutrients between the mother and fetus
What is the primary factor that contributes to the symmetrical growth of the embryo?
The amnion
What are the two main hormones produced by the placenta during pregnancy?
Progesterone and estrogen
Which hormone is synthesized in the second week of pregnancy and suppresses the menstrual cycle?
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
What is the main consequence of a Rubella infection during pregnancy?
Increased risk of miscarriage
Which of the following is not a potential consequence of a Rubella infection during pregnancy?
Increased height
What is the main source of Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy?
Consuming undercooked meat
What is the term used to describe the narrowing of one or more branches of the pulmonary arteries, a potential consequence of Rubella infection during pregnancy?
Peripheral pulmonary stenosis
What is the primary function of trophoblast cells?
To provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into the placenta
What is the role of the cytotrophoblast?
A layer of mitotically active cells around the amnion and yolk sac
What is the function of the syncytiotrophoblast?
A more superficial, non-mitotic mass of multinucleated cytoplasm that invades the surrounding stroma
What is the chorion?
The fetal placenta formed from the cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast layers
What is the role of the chorion laeve?
The smooth part of the chorion that lacks villi and is not part of the placenta
What is the function of the chorionic villi?
To be involved in fetal-maternal exchange, including nutrient and gas exchange
Which cells in the decidua are potentially targeted by the maternal immune system?
Cytotrophoblast cells
Which substances secreted by decidual cells help inhibit activation of maternal immune cells?
Prostaglandins and other immunosuppressants
What prevents the initiation of tissue rejection despite exposure of chorionic villi cells to maternal immune cells?
Absence of major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens in syncytiotrophoblast
Which substances are transported from the mother to the fetus via passive transport by simple diffusion?
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, and electrolytes
How are amino acids and vitamins transported between the placenta and the mother?
Active transport
Which maternal antibodies are transported to the fetus?
IgG
This quiz covers the functions of the amnion during pregnancy, including its role in symmetrical growth of the embryo, protection against infections and mechanical impacts, and ensuring normal lung development. Test your knowledge on the functions of the amnion in supporting fetal development.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
