Functions and Relations in Algebra Class 10
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Questions and Answers

The cost of text messaging can be expressed by a ______ function.

piecewise

The function t(m) represents the monthly cost of text messaging, where m is the number of messages sent in a month.

True (A)

What is the cost of sending 100 text messages in a month?

P100

Match each mathematical operation with its corresponding description:

<p>Multiplication = Multiply numerators together to get the new numerator. Division = Multiply denominators together to get the new denominator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in multiplying two fractions?

<p>Divide the numerator of the first fraction by the denominator of the second fraction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of expressing numerators and denominators of fractions as prime factors?

<p>To identify common factors for simplification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of simplifying common factors in the numerator and denominator of a fraction is often called ______.

<p>cancelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

The domain of a piecewise function is always defined as a single interval.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the least common denominator (LCD) of the fractions 1/3 and 2/5?

<p>15 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To find the sum of two fractions, you need to multiply the fractions together.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you need to do to reduce a fraction to its lowest terms?

<p>Cancel out common factors in the numerator and denominator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sum of two functions is denoted by __________.

<p>f+g</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following operations with their function notations:

<p>Sum = (f-g)(x) Difference = (f+g)(x) Product = (f g)(x) Quotient = (f/g)(x)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how to divide two fractions?

<p>You multiply the dividend by the reciprocal of the divisor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The numerator of the resulting fraction in addition is always the sum of the denominators.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the example of adding 1/x-3 and 2/x-5, what must be found first?

<p>The least common denominator (LCD).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents an exponential function?

<p>y = 0.5^x (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation 74x = y qualifies as an exponential equation.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a shaded circle indicate when marking numbers on a number line?

<p>The value is included in the solution set. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solution set for the inequality represented by 2 ≥ (1/2)^x?

<p>{x∈R | x ≤ 0}</p> Signup and view all the answers

The property used to solve exponential equations is called the __________ property.

<p>one-to-one</p> Signup and view all the answers

X = -1 is included as a solution in the set of rational inequalities.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of solving for x in a rational inequality?

<p>Rewrite as a single rational expression, identify x values that are zero or undefined, determine intervals and signs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following mathematical forms with their correct classification:

<p>f(x) = 5x^2 = None of these 2 ≥ (1/2)^x = Exponential inequality 74x = y = Exponential function 4(10^x - 2) = 500 = Exponential equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which inequality represents an exponential inequality?

<p>7 &lt; 14^x + 3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To determine the sign of the rational expression, use _____ test points in each interval.

<p>convenient</p> Signup and view all the answers

All exponential equations can be expressed in the form a*b^x = c.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Shaded Circle = Indicates that a value is included in the solution set. Hollow Circle = Indicates that a value is excluded from the solution set. Interval = A range between two points on the number line. Test Point = A value chosen from an interval to determine the sign of the expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In solving the inequality $ rac{2x}{x+1} ≧ 1$, what must be marked on the number line?

<p>Included solutions and excluded values. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When simplifying the inequality 5x < 25, the value of x is __________.

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

The value x = 5 is the only solution for the inequality mentioned in the problem.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rational expression will be zero when x = _____ during the solving process.

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following relations is a function?

<p>f = {(1,2),(2,3),(3,5),(4,7)} (A), h = {(1,3),(2,6),(3,9)} (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A relation is called a function if it has at least one x-value with multiple corresponding y-values.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the vertical line test?

<p>A method to determine if a graph represents a function by checking if any vertical line intersects the graph more than once.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A graph represents a function if and only if each vertical line intersects the graph at _____ once.

<p>most</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following relations with their function status:

<p>f = {(1,2),(2,3),(3,5),(4,7)} = Function g = {(1,3),(1,4),(2,5),(2,6),(3,7)} = Not a function h = {(1,3),(2,6),(3,9)} = Function k = {(1,1),(1,2),(2,3)} = Not a function</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these graphs could represent a non-function?

<p>Graph with a curve intersecting a vertical line more than once (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each value in the range of a function can correspond to multiple values in the domain.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why relation g is not a function.

<p>Relation g is not a function because it has ordered pairs with the same x-value (1) that correspond to different y-values (3 and 4).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the function c(t)=5t/(t^2+1) represent?

<p>Concentration of a drug in the bloodstream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The maximum drug concentration occurs at approximately 1 hour after administration.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step to solve a rational equation?

<p>Eliminate denominators by multiplying by the least common denominator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rational functions can be represented by a _____ of values or a graph.

<p>table</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about extraneous solutions?

<p>They can be introduced by eliminating denominators. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the functions with their descriptions:

<p>v(t)=10/t = Represents velocity as a function of time c(t)=5t/(t^2+1) = Represents drug concentration over time 2/x - 3/2x = 1/5 = Example of a rational equation t=1 = Time at which maximum concentration occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you determine the maximum concentration of the drug?

<p>By analyzing the graph of the concentration function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The least common denominator for denominators in a rational equation can simplify the equation and is known as the _____.

<p>LCD</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Function v(t) = 10/t

A function representing velocity as a function of time.

Concentration c(t) = 5t/(t^2 + 1)

Represents the concentration of a drug in the bloodstream over time.

Rational function

A relationship expressed as a fraction of polynomials.

Table of values

A display of values for a function at specific points.

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Solving rational equations

Finding values that satisfy an equation involving fractions.

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Least common denominator (LCD)

The smallest common multiple of the denominators in an equation.

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Extraneous solutions

Solutions that emerge from the equation but don't satisfy the original equation.

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Maximum drug concentration

Highest level of drug in the bloodstream occurs at a specific time.

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Equivalent Fractions

Fractions that represent the same value but have different numerators and denominators.

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Sum of Fractions

The combined value of two fractions with a common denominator.

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Canceling Common Factors

Removing the same factors from the numerator and denominator before multiplying or dividing.

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Dividing Fractions

To divide two fractions, multiply the first by the reciprocal of the second.

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Function Notation

A way to represent mathematical functions, such as f(x), to explain inputs and outputs.

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Function Sum

The sum of two functions, represented by (f+g)(x)=f(x)+g(x).

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Product of Functions

The result when two functions are multiplied together, denoted by (fg)(x) = f(x)g(x).

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Rational Inequality

An inequality that involves a rational expression.

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Test Point

A specific value chosen to determine the sign of a rational function within an interval.

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Number Line Representation

Visual representation indicating included or excluded values of solutions.

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Interval Partitioning

Dividing the number line into segments based on solutions and undefined points.

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Rational Expression

A fraction where the numerator and denominator are polynomials.

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Zeros of Rational Expression

Values of x that make the rational expression equal to zero.

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Vertical Asymptote

A value of x where the rational expression is undefined.

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Multiplying by LCD

Clearing fractions by multiplying through by the least common denominator.

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Relation

A rule that relates values from a set (domain) to another set (range).

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Function

A special relation where each domain element corresponds to exactly one range value.

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Vertical Line Test

A method to determine if a graph represents a function by checking if vertical lines cross the graph at most once.

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Ordered Pairs

A pair of values (x,y) representing a relation on the graph.

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Domain

The set of all possible input values (x-values) for a function.

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Range

The set of all possible output values (y-values) of a function.

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Mapping Diagrams

Visual representations that show how each element of the domain is related to elements of the range.

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Modeling Real Situations

Using functions to represent and analyze real-world scenarios.

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Exponential Function

A function of the form f(x) = a^x where a > 0 and a ≠ 1.

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Exponential Equation

An equation where the variable appears as an exponent, like a^x = b.

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Exponential Inequality

An inequality that involves an exponential function, like a^x < b.

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None of These

A term representing cases that don't fit exponential functions or equations.

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One-to-One Property

Exponential functions are one-to-one; if a^x = a^y, then x = y.

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Solving Exponential Equations

Finding the variable in equations of the form a^x = b.

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Exponential Growth

A rapid increase of a quantity, often modeled by an exponential function.

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Exponential Decay

A decline in quantity modeled by an exponential function.

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Text Messaging Cost Function

A piecewise function representing the monthly cost of text messaging based on the number of messages sent.

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Piecewise Function

A function defined by multiple sub-functions, each applicable to a specific interval.

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Domain of a Function

The set of all possible input values (x-values) for a function.

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Cancelling Factors

The process of simplifying fractions by removing common factors from the numerator and denominator.

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Prime Factorization

Expressing a number as a product of its prime numbers.

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Operations on Functions

The mathematical actions that can be performed with functions, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

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Simple Rational Functions

Functions expressed as a ratio of two polynomials.

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Evaluate a Function

To compute the output value of a function for a specific input.

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Study Notes

Functions

  • A relation is a rule connecting a set of values (domain) to a second set of values (range).
  • A function is a relation where each domain value is connected to only one range value.
  • A relation can be represented as ordered pairs (x, y).
  • Functions can be represented by mapping diagrams or graphs.

Vertical Line Test

  • A graph represents a function if any vertical line intersects the graph at most once.

Relations Represented by Mapping Diagrams

  • A mapping diagram shows how elements in a set (domain) are related to another set (range).
  • A relation (or function) is correctly represented if each element in the domain maps to only one element in the range.

Piecewise Functions

  • Some situations require multiple formulas depending on the input value.
  • Piecewise functions use different formulas for different parts of the input domain.

Evaluating Functions

  • Evaluating a function at a specific input value means substituting the value into the function's equation.
  • The result is the output (value) for that input.

Operations on Functions

  • Functions can be combined (added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided)
  • These operations involve combining expressions and simplifying results.

Operations on Rational Expressions

  • To add or subtract rational expressions, find the least common denominator (LCD).
  • Rewrite each fraction with the LCD.
  • Add or subtract the numerators.
  • The sum or difference is placed over the LCD.
  • Simplify the resulting expression.
  • To multiply rational expressions, multiply the numerators and the denominators together separately.
  • Simplify the resulting expression.

Rational Functions, Equations, and Inequalities

  • Rational functions are quotients of polynomial equations.
  • Rational equations involve setting rational expressions equal to each other and solving for the variable.
  • Rational inequalities involve setting rational expressions greater than or less than zero and solving for the variable.
  • Eliminating denominators is often necessary to solve such equations and inequalities.

One-to-One Functions

  • A one-to-one function assigns each input value to only one output value, and each output value to only one input value.
  • The horizontal line test can be used to determine if a function is one-to-one.
  • If any horizontal line crosses the graph's curve more than once, the function is not one-to-one.

Inverse Functions

  • The inverse of a one-to-one function reverses its input and output.
  • When finding the inverse, swap the input and output variables, and isolate the output variable to express the inverse in terms of the original input variable.

Graphing Exponential Functions

  • Exponential functions have a base (typically a constant) raised to an exponent or variable.
  • They can be graphed using ordered pairs (input and output pairs) or by observing their rate of growth or decay patterns.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of functions and relations including their definitions, representation methods, and the vertical line test. It also explains piecewise functions and how to evaluate them. Test your understanding of these essential algebraic concepts!

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