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Questions and Answers

If Set A consists of natural numbers less than 10, and the rule is to multiply each number by 5 and subtract the result from 50, what would be the output for the input number 4?

  • 40
  • 20
  • 10
  • 30 (correct)

Given the rule $2n + 5$, what is the output when applied to the even number 6?

  • 17 (correct)
  • 18
  • 12
  • 13

What type of numbers result from applying the rule $x - 1000$ to natural numbers smaller than 1000?

  • Negative numbers
  • Positive numbers
  • Both negative numbers and zero (correct)
  • Zero

The rule $\frac{x}{10} + 10$ is applied to natural numbers less than 10. Which range of values does the output fall into?

<p>Numbers between 10 and 11 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rule $30x + 2$ is applied to positive fractions with denominators 2, 3, and 5. What can be said about the output numbers?

<p>They are all greater than 2. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of functions, what is a 'variable'?

<p>A quantity that can change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which representation of a function is best for visually identifying trends, such as increasing or decreasing relationships between variables?

<p>Graph (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a flow diagram primarily illustrate in the context of functions?

<p>The calculations needed to determine the output number for a given input variable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common way to represent a function?

<p>Algorithm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key feature of a graph indicates the rate of change between variables?

<p>Slope/Gradient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A line passes through the points (1, 5) and (3, 13). What is the gradient of this line?

<p>4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is essential for determining whether a graph represents a function?

<p>Each input must have exactly one output. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In drawing a graph of a function, what is the purpose of creating a 'table of values'?

<p>To find coordinate pairs to plot on the graph (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'continuity' of a graph indicate?

<p>Whether the graph is a continuous line or has breaks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A function is defined by the formula $f(x) = 3x^2 - 2$. What is the function value when $x = -2$?

<p>10 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following transformations would change a relation into NOT being a function?

<p>Creating a relation where one input has multiple outputs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider two points A(0, 0) and B(2, 4) on a graph. If the function represented is linear and passes through these points, what is its formula?

<p>$f(x) = 2x$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given a set of input values $x$ and a function $f(x) = ax + b$, if $f(2) = 5$ and $f(3) = 7$, what are the values of $a$ and $b$?

<p>$a = 2, b = 1$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A graph of a function $f(x)$ is symmetric with respect to the y-axis. Which statement must be true about $f(x)$?

<p>$f(x) = f(-x)$ for all $x$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a function where the output is always 5, regardless of the input. If plotted on a 2D graph, what would this look like?

<p>A horizontal line (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If Set A consists of the numbers 2, 4, 6, and 8, what is the output of the number 4 when applying the rule multiply the number by 5 and subtract the result from 50?

<p>30 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a valid representation of a function?

<p>A flow diagram that shows calculations from each input to a unique output. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the principles of functions, which statement is always true?

<p>Each input number has exactly one corresponding output number. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rules, when applied to natural numbers less than 5, would result in only negative output numbers?

<p>$x - 10$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gradient of a line that passes through the points (2, 8) and (4, 16)?

<p>4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'continuity' in the context of a graph of a function?

<p>The graph can be drawn without lifting your pen from the paper. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the function $f(x) = 2x^2 + 3$, what is the function value when $x = -3$?

<p>21 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A graph represents a non-functional relation if:

<p>It fails the vertical line test. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a linear function passes through points (0, 2) and (1, 5), what is its formula?

<p>$f(x) = 3x + 2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a function $f(x) = ax^2 + b$. If $f(0) = 4$ and $f(1) = 9$, what are the values of $a$ and $b$?

<p>$a = 5, b = 4$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The graph of a function $f(x)$ is symmetric with respect to the x-axis. Which of the following must be true?

<p>$f(x) = -f(x)$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which representation of a function is most suitable for quickly determining output values for a large set of evenly spaced input values?

<p>Formula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What graphical characteristic is most useful in identifying the intervals where the function's output increases as the input increases?

<p>Slope/Gradient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these accurately relates to transforming input values to output values?

<p>Flow Diagram (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of creating a 'table of values' when drawing the graph of a function?

<p>It provides a set of coordinates to accurately plot the graph. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If applying the rule $5x + 2$ (where $x$ can be any real number) results in an output of 17, what was the input?

<p>3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a table of values of a function where for inputs -2, 0, and 2, the outputs are 4, 0, and 4 respectively. What kind of symmetry does this suggest?

<p>Symmetry about the y-axis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given a function $f(x)$ where increasing $x$ by 1 always doubles $f(x)$, what type of function is $f(x)$ most likely to be?

<p>Exponential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a scenario where you're using a function to convert temperatures from Celsius to Fahrenheit. You input a Celsius temperature, but due to a system error, the output is consistently displaying a temperature that is significantly lower for all inputs. How would this consistent error affect the graph of the function, assuming it was previously accurate?

<p>The entire graph would shift vertically downwards. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a complex function f(x) which transforms inputs in a non-linear fashion. A mathematician, Dr. Riemann, discovers that for infinitely many input values near zero, f(x) oscillates wildly between two distinct values without ever settling. Which graphical property of f(x) does this behavior directly challenge? Assume we have points to plot with infinite precision

<p>The function's continuity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a number is multiplied by 5 and the result is subtracted from 50, what does this process describe?

<p>Applying a function rule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary result of applying the rule $x - 1000$ to natural numbers less than 1000?

<p>Negative numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of output results from applying the rule $\frac{x}{10} + 10$ to natural numbers smaller than 10?

<p>Numbers between 10 and 11 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept is crucial for determining whether a graph represents a function?

<p>The vertical line test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a standard method of representing functions?

<p>Pie chart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of functions, what does a 'flow diagram' primarily illustrate?

<p>The calculations needed to determine the output number for a given input variable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the gradient of a line on a graph indicate about the function it represents?

<p>The rate of change between the variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of creating a 'table of values' when drawing the graph of a function?

<p>To plot points for the input-output pairs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of a graph is most useful for visually identifying the rate of change between variables?

<p>The slope/gradient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A graph of a function shows a break or jump at $x = a$. What does this indicate?

<p>The function is discontinuous at $x = a$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a function?

<p>A relationship where each input has exactly one output. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a line passes through the points (2, 7) and (4, 15), what is the gradient of this line?

<p>4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given a function $f(x) = 5x - 3$, what is the output when the input is 2?

<p>7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the continuity of a graph signify in the context of functions?

<p>The function has no breaks or gaps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which representation of a function is most effective for visually identifying the intervals where the function's output increases as the input increases?

<p>Graph (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a function is represented by the formula $f(x) = x^2 + 2x + 1$, what is the function value when $x = -1$?

<p>0 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A function is defined such that for every real number $x$, $f(x) = c$, where $c$ is a constant. What does the graph of this function look like?

<p>A horizontal line at $y = c$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A graph shows a relationship between variables where the y-value rapidly increases for small increases in the x-value. What does this suggest about the function?

<p>It has a steep positive slope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A complex function $f(x)$ undergoes a transformation such that its graph is stretched vertically by a factor of $k$ (where $k > 1$) and then shifted horizontally by $h$ units to the right. Which of the following represents the transformed function?

<p>$kf(x - h)$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a peculiar function $g(x)$ defined such that $g(x) = 1$ for all rational numbers $x$ and $g(x) = 0$ for all irrational numbers $x$. Which of the following graphical properties would this function exhibit if one were to plot it on a coordinate plane with infinite precision?

<p>A series of isolated points along two horizontal lines at $y = 0$ and $y = 1$, densely packed such that no interval is free from points (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Input Numbers

Numbers that are entered into a function or expression.

Output Number

The result obtained after applying a function's rule to the input number.

Variable

A quantity that can change or vary; represented by a symbol, like 'x' or 'y'.

Function Value

The specific output value that corresponds to a given input value in a function.

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Flow Diagram

A visual representation showing calculations to get the output for a given input variable.

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Table Representation

Lists input numbers and their corresponding output values in columns or rows.

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Graph Representation

A diagram showing the relationship between two variables on a coordinate plane.

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Function

A relationship where each input has only one output.

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Gradient (Slope)

The steepness of a line, calculated by the change in 'y' divided by the change in 'x'.

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Gradient Formula

The formula for calculating the gradient (slope) of a line.

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Variable Relationship

A relationship between variables where a change in one influences another.

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Algebraic Expression (Functions)

An algebraic expression that shows how to calculate the output from a given input.

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Representations of Relationships

Represents mathematical relationships; visual, tables, formula, or verbal.

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Table of Values

A listing of input values with their corresponding output values.

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Graph of a Function

A function visually displayed on a coordinate plane.

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Slope/Gradient (Graphs)

Indicates the rate of change on a graph.

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Intercepts (Graphs)

Points where a graph intersects the x or y axis.

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Continuity (Graphs)

Whether a graph is a continuous line or has breaks.

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Shape of the Graph

The overall form of the graphed relationship.

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Identify the Function

Determining the formula or rule of a given function.

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Create a Table of Values

Choose inputs and calculate corresponding outputs.

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Plot Points

Marking coordinate pairs on the graph.

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Draw the Graph

Connect points to form the function's visual.

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Flow Diagrams (Functions)

Visual depiction of calculations; input to output process.

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Verbal Descriptions

Written explanations describing relationships.

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What is a function?

A relationship between two variables where each input has exactly one output, represented visually, in tables, or formulas.

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Example of a function rule

Multiply a number by 5 and subtract the result from 50. This rule can be applied to various sets of numbers to find corresponding outputs.

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Function Table

A list of ordered pairs showing input and output values of a function, can be used to plot points to visually represent a function.

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What is a Flow Diagram?

A way of visually expressing a function. Illustrates the operations and order of calculations needed to turn the input number to the the output number.

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Table representation of functions

A format to show input and output numbers, to show which value of the output corresponds to each input number.

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Graph representation of functions

A method to visually represent a function, using coordinates to help better understad the relationship between two variables by plotting the points.

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Study Notes

Input and Output Values

  • Set A: Natural numbers less than 10 are defined as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
  • Set B: Multiples of 10 from 20 to 90 are defined as 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90.
  • Applying a rule involves multiplying a number by 5 and subtracting the result from 50.
  • Different rules can be applied to even numbers like 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, for example (2n + 1), (2n - 1), (2n + 5), and (3n + 1).
  • Applying the rule (x - 1000) to natural numbers less than 1000 results in negative numbers.
  • Applying the rule (\frac{x}{10} + 10) to natural numbers less than 10 produces positive numbers between 10 and 11.
  • Applying the rule (30x + 2) to positive fractions with denominators 2, 3, and 5 yields positive numbers greater than 2.

Equivalent Forms

  • A relationship exists between two variables if one variable quantity is influenced by another.
  • An algebraic expression describes the calculations needed to find the output number for a given input number.
  • For any input number, the application of a rule produces only one output number.
  • A function is a relationship where each input number has only one output number.
  • Functions can be represented as tables, flow diagrams, formulas, and graphs.
  • A flow diagram illustrates the calculations needed to determine the output number for a given input variable.
  • A table shows input numbers and their corresponding function values.
  • A graph provides a visual representation of the function.

Graphs

  • Relationships between variables can be represented as flow diagrams, tables, formulas, verbal descriptions, and graphs.

  • The gradient of a line passing through two points ((x_1, y_1)) and ((x_2, y_2)) is calculated as:

    [ \text{Gradient} = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1} ]

  • A function describes a relationship between two variables where each input has exactly one output.

  • Functions can be represented in several ways:

    • Table: Displays values of input and corresponding output.
    • Flow Diagram: Shows the calculations needed to transform input into output.
    • Formula: Algebraic expression that defines the function.
    • Graph: Visual representation of the function on a coordinate plane.
  • Key concepts in functions:

    • Variable: A quantity that can change.
    • Input Number: The value substituted into a function.
    • Output Number: The result after applying the function to the input.
    • Function Value: The specific output corresponding to a given input.

Interpreting Graphs

  • Graphs provide a visual method to understand the relationship between variables.
  • Key features to consider when interpreting graphs include:
    • Slope/Gradient: Indicates the rate of change between variables.
    • Intercepts: Points where the graph crosses the axes.
    • Continuity: Whether the graph is a continuous line or has breaks/discontinuities.
    • Shape of the Graph: Linear, quadratic, exponential, etc., which provides insights into the nature of the relationship.

Drawing Graphs

  • Relationships between variables can be represented in several ways: flow diagrams, tables, formulas, verbal descriptions, and graphs.

  • The gradient of a line passing through two points ((x_1, y_1)) and ((x_2, y_2)) is calculated using:

    [ \text{Gradient} = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1} ]

  • A function is a relationship between two variables where each input corresponds to exactly one output and has key representations.

  • To draw graphs of functions, follow these steps:

    1. Identify the Function: Determine the formula or rule that defines the function.
    2. Create a Table of Values: Choose a range of input values and calculate the corresponding output values.
    3. Plot Points: Plot the input-output pairs on a coordinate plane.
    4. Draw the Graph: Connect the points smoothly if the function is continuous or with appropriate segments if it is not.

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