6 Questions
What is the primary function of bone marrow?
To produce blood cells
What type of bones include the femur and humerus?
Long bones
What is the process of bone formation from cartilage models called?
Endochondral ossification
What is the outermost layer of bone called?
Periosteum
What is the process of bone growth and development called?
Ossification
What type of bones include the ribs and sternum?
Flat bones
Study Notes
Functions of the Skeletal System
- Provides support and structure for the body
- Protects internal organs
- Allows for movement through articulation of joints
- Produces blood cells through bone marrow
- Stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus
Components of the Skeletal System
-
Bones: 206 bones in the adult human skeleton
- Long bones (e.g. femur, humerus)
- Short bones (e.g. carpals, tarsals)
- Flat bones (e.g. ribs, sternum)
- Irregular bones (e.g. vertebrae, pelvis)
- Joints: allow for movement between bones
- Ligaments: connect bones to each other
- Tendons: connect muscles to bones
- Bone marrow: spongy tissue inside bones, produces blood cells
Bone Structure
- Compact bone: dense, compact tissue that makes up the outer layer of bones
- Cancellous bone: spongy tissue that makes up the inner layer of bones
- Periosteum: outermost layer of bone, covering the surface
- Endosteum: innermost layer of bone, lining the marrow cavity
Bone Development and Growth
-
Ossification: process of bone formation
- Intramembranous ossification: bone formation from mesenchymal tissue
- Endochondral ossification: bone formation from cartilage models
- Bone growth: bone lengthens through the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts
- Bone remodeling: continuous process of bone resorption and formation throughout life
Functions of the Skeletal System
- Provides support and structure for the body
- Protects internal organs
- Allows for movement through articulation of joints
- Produces blood cells through bone marrow
- Stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus
Components of the Skeletal System
- 206 bones in the adult human skeleton, classified into:
- Long bones (e.g. femur, humerus)
- Short bones (e.g. carpals, tarsals)
- Flat bones (e.g. ribs, sternum)
- Irregular bones (e.g. vertebrae, pelvis)
- Joints allow for movement between bones
- Ligaments connect bones to each other
- Tendons connect muscles to bones
- Bone marrow is spongy tissue inside bones, producing blood cells
Bone Structure
- Compact bone is dense, compact tissue making up the outer layer of bones
- Cancellous bone is spongy tissue making up the inner layer of bones
- Periosteum is the outermost layer of bone, covering the surface
- Endosteum is the innermost layer of bone, lining the marrow cavity
Bone Development and Growth
- Ossification is the process of bone formation, occurring through:
- Intramembranous ossification: bone formation from mesenchymal tissue
- Endochondral ossification: bone formation from cartilage models
- Bone growth occurs through the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, lengthening bones
- Bone remodeling is a continuous process of bone resorption and formation throughout life
This quiz covers the functions and components of the skeletal system, including providing support and structure, protecting internal organs, and producing blood cells. It also explores the different types of bones in the human body.
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