30 Questions
What is the function of the eyelids in relation to protecting the eye?
To protect the eye from foreign bodies.
What is the purpose of the meibomian glands in the eyelids?
To secrete an oily substance that lubricates the eyelid.
Where do the eyelids join at two points?
Lateral (outer) canthus and medial (inner) canthus.
What is the white space between open eyelids called?
Palpebral fissure.
What is the function of eyelashes?
To filter dust and dirt from the air entering the eye.
What are the two portions of the conjunctiva?
Palpebral and Bulbar conjunctiva.
What is the function of the lens in the eye?
To refract (bend) light rays unto the retina.
What is the role of the rods in the retina?
Regulate black-and-white vision and function in dim light.
What is the main function of the cones in the retina?
Function in bright light and are sensitive to color.
Where is the optic disc located in the eye?
Toward the medial or nasal side of the eye on the retina.
What is the physiologic cup in the eye?
A smaller circular area that appears slightly depressed.
How do retinal vessels appear in the eye?
Dark red and grow progressively narrower as they extend to the peripheral areas.
What is the purpose of the eye and vision examination?
To identify any changes in vision or signs of eye disorders in an effort to initiate early treatment or corrective procedures.
How should the client be positioned during the eye examination?
To be seated comfortably.
What should be explained to the client during examination with the ophthalmoscope?
That moving very close to the client’s face to view the retina and internal structures may be slightly uncomfortable.
Why is it important to explain each vision test thoroughly to the client?
To guarantee accurate results.
What are some key points to remember while performing the eye examination?
Administer vision tests competently, use the ophthalmoscope correctly, recognize normal variations from abnormal findings, and record results.
What equipment is needed for an eye examination?
Snellen or E chart, hand-held Snellen card or near-vision screener, penlight, opaque cards, ophthalmoscope, and disposable gloves.
What is presbyopia and how is it indicated during an assessment?
Presbyopia is impaired near vision, indicated when the client moves the chart away from the eyes to focus on the print.
How should the confrontation test for evaluating visual fields be performed?
Position yourself approximately 2 feet away from the client at eye level, have the client cover the left eye while you cover your right eye, and slowly move a finger upward until the client sees it.
What are the normal visual field degrees for the following directions: Inferior, Superior, Temporal, Nasal?
Inferior: 70 degrees, Superior: 50 degrees, Temporal: 90 degrees, Nasal: 60 degrees
What does a delayed or absent perception of the examiner's finger during the visual fields test indicate?
A delayed or absent perception of the examiner's finger indicates reduced peripheral vision.
What does the Corneal Light Reflex Test assess?
The Corneal Light Reflex Test assesses the parallel alignment of the eyes.
What is the purpose of the evaluation of gross peripheral vision in the context of visual field testing?
The evaluation of gross peripheral vision helps to assess the client's ability to perceive objects in their side vision.
What is exophthalmos?
Protrusion of the eyeballs accompanied by retracted eyelid margins.
How can you assess the bulbar conjunctiva and sclera?
Have the client keep the head straight while looking from side to side then up toward the ceiling. Observe clarity, color, and texture.
What are the normal findings when inspecting the bulbar conjunctiva and sclera?
Bulbar conjunctiva is clear, moist, and smooth. Sclera is white.
What are the abnormal findings associated with inspecting the bulbar conjunctiva and sclera?
Areas of dryness, which can be associated with allergies or trauma.
What is conjunctivitis?
Generalized redness of the conjunctiva (pink eye).
What is episcleritis?
Local, non-infectious inflammation of the sclera.
Learn about the functions and anatomy of the eyelids, including protection from foreign bodies, controlling light entry, and tear distribution. Explore details such as tarsal plates, meibomian glands, and canthus points.
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