Function of Nucleic Acids

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

  • To act as structural components of the cell
  • To facilitate cell movement
  • To store and express genetic information (correct)
  • To provide energy to the cell

Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide?

  • Amino acid (correct)
  • Phosphate group
  • Nitrogen base
  • Pentose molecule

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

  • DNA has a double helix structure, while RNA has a single-stranded structure
  • DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose
  • DNA stores genetic information, while RNA is involved in protein synthesis
  • All of the above (correct)

Which of the following is not a type of nitrogen base found in nucleic acids?

<p>Arginine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the phosphate group in the structure of nucleic acids?

<p>To provide structural support (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the pentose molecules in DNA and RNA differ?

<p>DNA contains deoxyribose, while RNA contains ribose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of nucleic acids?

<p>Structural support for the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the structure of DNA and RNA?

<p>DNA contains the nitrogen base thymine, while RNA contains the nitrogen base uracil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nitrogen bases in nucleic acids?

<p>To store and transmit genetic information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of nucleic acids?

<p>They can be used as a source of energy for the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond holds the pentose sugar molecule, phosphorus, and nitrogen molecules in a nucleic acid?

<p>Ester bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In DNA, what is formed between adenine and thymine?

<p>Two hydrogen bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogen base is classified under pyrimidines?

<p>Thymine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA in protein synthesis?

<p>Translates DNA into proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule generates energy for cellular processes in living cells?

<p>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about purines compared to pyrimidines in nucleic acids?

<p>They are larger in size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the building block of Nucleic acid?

<p>Nucleotide Purines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of RNA involved in nucleic acid functions?

<p>(tRNA), (mRNA), (rRNA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesized in living cells?

<p>By recycling phosphate groups in the mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of RNA in the body?

<p>RNA transfers genetic information to synthesize proteins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the pentose sugar in DNA and RNA?

<p>RNA has a hydroxyl group at the second carbon of the pentose sugar, while DNA does not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules is NOT a nitrogen base found in nucleic acids?

<p>Arginine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ATP in cellular processes?

<p>ATP is the energy currency of the cell and powers various cellular processes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the scientist who first isolated and named DNA as 'nuclein'?

<p>Friedreich Miescher (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the structure of nucleic acids is correct?

<p>Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between DNA and RNA in terms of their nitrogen bases?

<p>DNA contains the nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, while RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of tRNA (transfer RNA) in the cell?

<p>tRNA helps in the synthesis of proteins from amino acids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleic acids in the body?

<p>Providing the energy source in the form of ATP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the function of DNA and RNA in the cell?

<p>DNA stores genetic information, while RNA transfers that information to synthesize proteins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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