Function of Nucleic Acids

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

To act as structural components of the cell

To facilitate cell movement

To store and express genetic information (correct)

To provide energy to the cell

Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide?

Amino acid (correct)

Phosphate group

Nitrogen base

Pentose molecule

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

DNA has a double helix structure, while RNA has a single-stranded structure

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose

DNA stores genetic information, while RNA is involved in protein synthesis

All of the above (correct)

Which of the following is not a type of nitrogen base found in nucleic acids?

Arginine Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the phosphate group in the structure of nucleic acids?

To provide structural support Signup and view all the answers

How do the pentose molecules in DNA and RNA differ?

DNA contains deoxyribose, while RNA contains ribose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of nucleic acids?

Structural support for the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the structure of DNA and RNA?

DNA contains the nitrogen base thymine, while RNA contains the nitrogen base uracil Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nitrogen bases in nucleic acids?

To store and transmit genetic information Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of nucleic acids?

They can be used as a source of energy for the cell Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond holds the pentose sugar molecule, phosphorus, and nitrogen molecules in a nucleic acid?

Ester bonds Signup and view all the answers

In DNA, what is formed between adenine and thymine?

Two hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogen base is classified under pyrimidines?

Thymine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA in protein synthesis?

Translates DNA into proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule generates energy for cellular processes in living cells?

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about purines compared to pyrimidines in nucleic acids?

They are larger in size Signup and view all the answers

What is the building block of Nucleic acid?

Nucleotide Purines Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of RNA involved in nucleic acid functions?

(tRNA), (mRNA), (rRNA) Signup and view all the answers

How is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesized in living cells?

By recycling phosphate groups in the mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of RNA in the body?

RNA transfers genetic information to synthesize proteins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the pentose sugar in DNA and RNA?

RNA has a hydroxyl group at the second carbon of the pentose sugar, while DNA does not. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules is NOT a nitrogen base found in nucleic acids?

Arginine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ATP in cellular processes?

ATP is the energy currency of the cell and powers various cellular processes. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the scientist who first isolated and named DNA as 'nuclein'?

Friedreich Miescher Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the structure of nucleic acids is correct?

Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between DNA and RNA in terms of their nitrogen bases?

DNA contains the nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, while RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of tRNA (transfer RNA) in the cell?

tRNA helps in the synthesis of proteins from amino acids. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleic acids in the body?

Providing the energy source in the form of ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the function of DNA and RNA in the cell?

DNA stores genetic information, while RNA transfers that information to synthesize proteins. Signup and view all the answers