Function of Nucleic Acids
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

  • To act as structural components of the cell
  • To facilitate cell movement
  • To store and express genetic information (correct)
  • To provide energy to the cell

    • Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide?

  • Amino acid (correct)
  • Phosphate group
  • Nitrogen base
  • Pentose molecule

    • What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

  • DNA has a double helix structure, while RNA has a single-stranded structure
  • DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose
  • DNA stores genetic information, while RNA is involved in protein synthesis
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which of the following is not a type of nitrogen base found in nucleic acids?

    <p>Arginine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the phosphate group in the structure of nucleic acids?

    <p>To provide structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the pentose molecules in DNA and RNA differ?

    <p>DNA contains deoxyribose, while RNA contains ribose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a function of nucleic acids?

    <p>Structural support for the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the structure of DNA and RNA?

    <p>DNA contains the nitrogen base thymine, while RNA contains the nitrogen base uracil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the nitrogen bases in nucleic acids?

    <p>To store and transmit genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of nucleic acids?

    <p>They can be used as a source of energy for the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond holds the pentose sugar molecule, phosphorus, and nitrogen molecules in a nucleic acid?

    <p>Ester bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DNA, what is formed between adenine and thymine?

    <p>Two hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nitrogen base is classified under pyrimidines?

    <p>Thymine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of RNA in protein synthesis?

    <p>Translates DNA into proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule generates energy for cellular processes in living cells?

    <p>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about purines compared to pyrimidines in nucleic acids?

    <p>They are larger in size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the building block of Nucleic acid?

    <p>Nucleotide Purines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of RNA involved in nucleic acid functions?

    <p>(tRNA), (mRNA), (rRNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesized in living cells?

    <p>By recycling phosphate groups in the mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of RNA in the body?

    <p>RNA transfers genetic information to synthesize proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the pentose sugar in DNA and RNA?

    <p>RNA has a hydroxyl group at the second carbon of the pentose sugar, while DNA does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules is NOT a nitrogen base found in nucleic acids?

    <p>Arginine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of ATP in cellular processes?

    <p>ATP is the energy currency of the cell and powers various cellular processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the scientist who first isolated and named DNA as 'nuclein'?

    <p>Friedreich Miescher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the structure of nucleic acids is correct?

    <p>Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between DNA and RNA in terms of their nitrogen bases?

    <p>DNA contains the nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, while RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of tRNA (transfer RNA) in the cell?

    <p>tRNA helps in the synthesis of proteins from amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleic acids in the body?

    <p>Providing the energy source in the form of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the function of DNA and RNA in the cell?

    <p>DNA stores genetic information, while RNA transfers that information to synthesize proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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