29 Questions
In which part of the brain is the auditory association located?
Superior temporal gyrus
What is the function of the visual radiation from the lateral geniculate body?
Transmitting visual information
What is the name of the sulcus located anterior to the central sulcus?
Precentral sulcus
Which part of the frontal lobe is subdivided into orbital, angular, and opercular parts?
Inferior frontal gyrus
What is the name of the gyrus located between the central and post-central sulci?
Post-central gyrus
In which lobe is the visual association area located?
Occipital lobe
Which sulcus is parallel to the lateral fissure?
Superior temporal sulcus
How many gyri are present on the lateral surface of the Temporal Lobe?
3
What is the name of the gyrus that surrounds the posterior ramus of lateral sulcus?
Supra-marginal gyrus
Where is the main part of the Occipital Lobe located?
Medial surface
What is the name of the sulcus that lies near the medial border of the occipital lobe?
Olfactory sulcus
What is the name of the sulcus that ends by dividing into two branches?
Cingulate sulcus
Where is the parieto-occipital sulcus located?
2 inches in front of the occipital pole
What is the function of the paracentral lobule?
Motor and sensory areas for the leg, foot, and perineum
What is the location of the cuneus?
Above the post-calcarine sulcus and behind the parieto-occipital sulcus
What is the name of the sulcus that runs from the occipital pole to the temporal pole?
Collateral sulcus
What is the name of the gyrus that lies between the calcarine and post-calcarine sulci?
Lingual gyrus
What is the location of the medial frontal gyrus?
Above the cingulated gyrus and in front of the paracentral lobule
What is the anterior end of the parahippocampal gyrus continuous with?
The uncus
What is the posterior end of the parahippocampal gyrus connected to?
The cingulated gyrus and the lingual gyrus
Which sulcus does the medial occipito-temporal gyrus lie between?
Collateral and occipito-temporal sulci
What is another name for the medial occipito-temporal gyrus?
The fusiform gyrus
What is the lateral occipito-temporal gyrus also known as?
The inferior temporal gyrus
Which part of the frontal lobe is concerned with emotion, behavior, and problem-solving?
Prefrontal area
Where is the motor area located in the frontal lobe?
Precentral gyrus and anterior paracentral lobule
What is the function of Broca's area?
Regulating speech and language
Where is the sensory area located in the parietal lobe?
Postcentral gyrus
What is the function of the parietal association area?
Processing the meaning of sensations
Where is the auditory sensory area located in the temporal lobe?
Superior temporal gyrus
Study Notes
Auditory Association
- Located in the superior temporal gyrus
- Concerned with sound meaning
Occipital Lobe
-
Visual Sensory Area (A17)
- Located on the medial surface of the occipital lobe, in the lips of the post-calcarine sulcus (in the cuneus and lingual gyri)
- Receives the visual radiation from the lateral geniculate body
-
Visual Association Area (A18 and 19)
- Surrounds A17 in the cuneus and lingual gyri
- Concerned with the meaning of pictures
Sulci and Gyri on Lateral and Inferior Surface
Frontal Lobe
-
Sulci
- Precentral sulcus: anterior to central sulcus
- Superior frontal sulcus
- Inferior frontal sulcus
-
Gyri
- Precentral gyrus: lies between central and precentral sulci
- Superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri
- Inferior frontal gyrus is subdivided into:
- Orbital part
- Angular part
- Opercular part
Parietal Lobe
-
Sulci
- Post-central sulcus: parallel to central sulcus
- Intra-parietal sulcus: runs parallel to upper border, towards occipital lobe
-
Gyri
- Post-central gyrus: lies between central and post-central sulci
- Superior and inferior parietal lobule
- Supra-marginal gyrus: surrounds the posterior ramus of lateral sulcus
- Angular gyrus: surrounds the end of superior temporal sulcus
Temporal Lobe
-
Sulci
- Superior temporal sulcus: parallel to lateral fissure
- Inferior temporal sulcus: parallel to the superior temporal sulcus
-
Gyri
- Superior temporal gyrus
- Middle temporal gyrus
- Inferior temporal gyrus
Occipital Lobe
-
Medial Surface
- Main part of the occipital lobe is found on the medial surface
-
Inferior Surface (Orbital Surface)
- Olfactory sulcus: near medial border and parallel to it
- Straight gyrus (gyrus rectus): lies medial to the olfactory sulcus
- H-shaped orbital sulci: divided into:
- Anterior orbital gyri
- Posterior orbital gyri
- Medial orbital gyri
- Lateral orbital gyri
Medial and Tentorial Surface
-
Corpus Callosum
- Callosal sulcus: arches over the corpus callosum
- Hippocampal sulcus: continuation of callosal sulcus on tentorial surface
-
Sulci
- Cingulate sulcus: ends by dividing into two branches:
- Marginal sulcus
- Sub-parietal sulcus
- Calcarine sulcus: below the splenium, runs backwards and upwards to meet the post-calcarine sulcus
- Post-calcarine sulcus: from the occipital to the calcarine sulcus
- Parieto-occipital sulcus: 2 inches in front of the occipital pole
- Collateral sulcus: from the occipital pole to the temporal pole
- Occipito-temporal sulcus: lies lateral and parallel to the collateral sulcus
- Cingulate sulcus: ends by dividing into two branches:
-
Gyri
- Cuneus: visual area, lies above the post-calcarine sulcus and behind the parieto-occipital sulcus
- Lingual gyrus: lies between the calcarine and post-calcarine sulci and the posterior part of the collateral sulcus
- Precuneus: medial side of the parietal lobe
- Paracentral lobule: surrounds the upper end of the central sulcus, contains motor and sensory areas for the leg, foot, and perineum
- Medial frontal gyrus: above the cingulate gyrus and in front of the paracentral lobule
- Cingulate gyrus: lies between the cingulate and callosal sulci
- Para-hippocampal gyrus and uncus: lies between the hippocampal and collateral sulci
- Medial occipito-temporal gyrus (fusiform gyrus): lies between the collateral and occipito-temporal sulci
- Lateral occipito-temporal gyrus: lies lateral to the occipito-temporal sulcus, represents the inferior temporal gyrus
Function Areas
Frontal Lobe
-
Motor Area (A4)
- Located in the precentral gyrus and anterior paracentral lobule on the medial surface
- Concerned with movements of the opposite half of the body (pyramidal tract)
- Inverted position
-
Premotor Area (A6)
- Parallel to the motor area
- Concerned with movements of the body except the eye (extrapyramidal area)
-
Frontal Eye Field (A8)
- Located in front of the premotor area
- Concerned with movements of the eyes (pyramidal motor area)
-
Broca's Area (A44)
- Located in the inferior frontal gyrus in the dominant hemisphere
- Concerned with movements of the tongue, lips, and vocal cords of the larynx
-
Prefrontal Area
- Most anterior part of the frontal lobe
- Concerned with emotion, behavior, and problem-solving
Parietal Lobe
-
Sensory Area (A3, 1, & 2)
- Located in the postcentral gyrus
- Concerned with sensations for the opposite half of the body
- Inverted position
-
Parietal Association Area (A5-7)
- Remaining part of the parietal lobe
- Concerned with understanding the meaning of sensations
-
Supramarginal and Angular Gyri (Wernicke's Area)
- Located in the parietal lobe
- Concerned with understanding spoken or written words
Temporal Lobe
-
Auditory Sensory Area (A41-42)
- Located in the superior temporal gyrus
- Concerned with sound reception
- Receives the auditory radiation from the medial geniculate body
This quiz covers the function areas presented by Dr. Hossam El Brashy, including the frontal lobe areas responsible for motor control, premotor area, frontal eye field, and Broca's area. It tests knowledge on the different areas and their functions in the brain.
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