Fuel Injection Systems Quiz
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What primary function does the flow divider serve in the fuel injection system?

  • It heats the fuel before injection.
  • It filters contaminants from the fuel.
  • It distributes metered fuel to various cylinders. (correct)
  • It regulates the temperature of the fuel.

What condition must be met for fuel to flow through the valve in the flow divider?

  • The fuel must be viscous.
  • Fuel pressure must exceed spring force. (correct)
  • The engine speed must be low.
  • Fuel temperature must be above a specified level.

At what engine state does the flow divider require only a small opening for fuel delivery?

  • At idle speed. (correct)
  • During deceleration.
  • During acceleration.
  • At high speed.

What occurs to the valve in the flow divider when fuel pressure builds up above idle requirements?

<p>It opens wider to accommodate increased fuel flow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the diaphragm in the flow divider assembly?

<p>To respond to fuel pressure changes and control the valve. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the regulator impact the flow divider’s operation?

<p>It meters a fixed amount of fuel to the flow divider. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the nozzle lines as fuel flow increases beyond idle requirements?

<p>Fuel pressure builds up in them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component directly experiences the opposing force due to fuel pressure in the flow divider?

<p>The valve assembly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does fuel pressure play in the operation of the flow divider valve?

<p>It directly opens the flow divider valve and affects fuel distribution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is fuel flow to the engine determined when using a pressure gauge with the Bendix RSA injection system?

<p>By the pressure indicated on the fuel pressure gauge. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the configuration of fuel discharge nozzles in the Bendix system?

<p>Each cylinder has a dedicated nozzle located in the cylinder head. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of fuel pressure before the individual nozzles in the injection system?

<p>It is directly proportional to fuel flow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component must engines modified with turbosuperchargers use for fuel discharge?

<p>Shrouded nozzles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of mixing fuel with air before it enters the individual intake valve chambers?

<p>To aid in atomizing the fuel. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the size of the calibrated jet for fuel discharge nozzles in the Bendix system?

<p>The available fuel inlet pressure and engine flow requirements. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the outlet of the fuel discharge nozzle function in relation to the intake port?

<p>It directs fuel into the intake port. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the pressure measured by the fuel pressure gauge in the context of fuel flow?

<p>The efficiency of the engine's power output. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the fuel as it discharges through the jet into the nozzle assembly?

<p>It enters an ambient air pressure chamber. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the airflow section in the Bendix/Precision fuel-injection system?

<p>To measure engine air consumption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the Bendix/Precision system directly opposes the air metering force?

<p>Fuel diaphragm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'air metering force' refer to in the Bendix/Precision fuel-injection system?

<p>The pressure differential across the diaphragm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Bendix fuel-injection system, what is the purpose of the fuel flow divider?

<p>To deliver metered fuel to the individual cylinders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of using a fuel-injection system over a conventional carburetor system?

<p>Improved fuel economy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the Bendix/Precision fuel-injection system controls the orifice opening for fuel flow?

<p>Regulator section (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the constant-head idle spring play in the Bendix/Precision fuel-injection system?

<p>It provides consistent pressure during idle conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adjustment does the manual mixture control valve in the fuel metering section allow for?

<p>Modifying the fuel mixture from rich to lean (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in airflow affect the diaphragm in the Bendix fuel-injection system?

<p>It opens the ball valve by moving the diaphragm to the left (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the fuel metering section in the Bendix/Precision fuel-injection system?

<p>To meter and control fuel flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of system does the Bendix fuel-injection system primarily utilize?

<p>Continuous-flow system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the idle valve connect to in the Bendix/Precision system?

<p>Throttle valve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influences the opening of the ball valve in the regulator section?

<p>The differences between fuel inlet and metered pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the power enrichment jet in some injector models of the Bendix system?

<p>To provide additional fuel during high power demands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component determines the amount of fuel returned to the fuel pump in the fuel control assembly?

<p>Mixture control valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the fuel manifold valve provides the necessary force for moving the diaphragm?

<p>Incoming fuel pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ball valve installed within the fuel manifold valve?

<p>Control fuel flow to cylinders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the fuel system, what is the significance of the fine screen installed in the diaphragm chamber?

<p>To filter incoming fuel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the plunger valve in the fuel manifold valve operate?

<p>It is raised or lowered by a diaphragm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the diaphragm in the fuel manifold valve?

<p>To open or close fuel supply ports simultaneously (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the fuel discharge nozzle typically located in the fuel injection system?

<p>In the cylinder head (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the fuel charging process is incorrect?

<p>Fuel is constantly cycled back to the main tank. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is designed into the fuel manifold valve to ensure equal distribution of fuel?

<p>Multiple outlet ports for individual nozzles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the fuel flow does the air throttle affect?

<p>Proportion of fuel to airflow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the diaphragm-type relief valve in the fuel-injection pump?

<p>To prevent excess fuel flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the Continental/TCM Fuel-Injection System is responsible for controlling the air intake?

<p>Fuel/Air Control Unit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a positive-displacement rotary-vane pump, what does the mechanism trap?

<p>A fixed amount of liquid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the fuel-injection system maintain proper fuel delivery at various engine speeds?

<p>Through a calibrated orifice and relief valve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the auxiliary pump play in the Continental/TCM Fuel-Injection System?

<p>It serves as a backup for fuel pressure when the engine-driven pump fails. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the air throttle assembly in the Continental/TCM Fuel-Injection System?

<p>It requires no venturi or restriction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the swirl well in the fuel-injection pump?

<p>To separate vapor from liquid fuel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is fuel delivered to the fuel manifold in the Continental/TCM system?

<p>Via a rotary valve with a cam-shaped edge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material is the Fuel Control Assembly body made from for optimal performance?

<p>Bronze (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to fuel pressure as engine speed changes in the Continental/TCM system?

<p>It is maintained proportionally to engine speed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function do check valves serve in the fuel-injection system?

<p>To ensure fuel flows in one direction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What configuration does the fuel injector pump typically feature in the Continental/TCM Fuel-Injection System?

<p>It is a positive-displacement rotary-vane pump. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is vapor return important in the fuel-injection system?

<p>It reduces the risk of vapor lock. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of the air throttle mounted at the manifold inlet?

<p>It has no venturi restriction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the drilled radial holes in the fuel discharge nozzle?

<p>To control the airflow direction for better mixing (A), To connect the upper bore with the outside air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the nozzles for a given engine identified?

<p>By a letter stamped on the hex of the nozzle body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the shield that is press-fitted on the nozzle body?

<p>To provide mechanical protection and change airflow direction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what part of the fuel discharge nozzle does the air/fuel mixing occur before the spray exits?

<p>Counterbore chamber (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature of the nozzle contributes to effective filtration of foreign materials?

<p>Cylindrical screen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the removable orifice in the upper bore is true?

<p>It is essential for calibrating the nozzles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using nozzles from the same range for a particular engine?

<p>They ensure uniformity in fuel/air mixing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the filter screen play in the operation of the fuel discharge nozzle?

<p>It serves to filter air entering the nozzle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fuel-Injection System Advantages

Fuel-injection systems offer benefits over carburetors, including reduced icing risk, improved acceleration, better fuel distribution for reduced cylinder overheating, and improved fuel economy.

Bendix/Precision Fuel Injection System Components

This system uses an injector, flow divider, and fuel discharge nozzles for continuous fuel flow, controlled by engine air consumption.

Fuel Injector Assembly

An injector assembly has three key sections: airflow, regulator, and fuel metering sections. Some have automatic mixture control.

Airflow Section Function

The airflow section measures engine air consumption by sensing impact and venturi throat pressure (changing with throttle position).

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Air Metering Force

The pressure difference across the diaphragm in the airflow section, which drives fuel flow.

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Regulator Section Function

The regulator section uses a fuel diaphragm to oppose air metering force, controlling fuel flow based on the difference in pressures, proportional to airflow.

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Idle Fuel Regulation

At low engine speed, a constant-head idle spring provides a stable fuel pressure differential, enabling consistent fuel flow, overcoming venturi pressure limitations.

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Fuel Metering Section

This section meters and controls fuel flow to the flow divider. It includes a strainer, manual mixture control, and idle valve.

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Manual Mixture Control

A valve enabling adjustment to enrich (richer mixtures) or to lean fuel mixtures.

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Flow Divider Purpose

Divides the metered fuel into separate paths for different engine cylinders.

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Impact Pressure

Pressure created by air hitting surfaces in the airflow section.

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Venturi Throat Pressure

Pressure in the narrowing part of a venturi, used in measuring airflow.

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Metered Fuel Pressure

Pressure of fuel after passing through the strainer and any manual adjustments.

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Fuel Diaphragm

A flexible membrane in the regulator section that reacts to pressure differences, controlling the opening of a valve.

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Fuel Flow Divider

The component that splits fuel into individual paths for each engine cylinder.

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Flow Divider Needle

Part of flow divider that allows fuel to pass through its inside diameter.

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Fuel Pressure at Idle

Fuel pressure needed to overcome the spring force and move the valve for fuel to pass to the fuel nozzle.

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Valve Opening Size

The valve opens proportionally to the fuel amount needed by the fuel regulator.

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Fuel Division at Idle

At idle, fuel is divided evenly among cylinders by the flow divider.

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Fuel Pressure Increase

Higher fuel flow from the regulator builds up pressure in the nozzle lines.

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Engine Speed and Fuel Flow

As engine speed increases, fuel flow requirements increase, and pressure in the fuel lines rises.

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Flow Divider

Component in the fuel injection system that fully opens the valve for fuel distribution to the engine.

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Fuel Pressure Gauge

Measures fuel pressure, which is used to determine fuel flow (in the Bendix RSA system).

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Fuel Discharge Nozzle

A nozzle located in the cylinder head that discharges fuel into the intake port.

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Fuel Flow

The rate at which fuel moves through the system, proportional to the pressure in the discharge nozzles.

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Fuel Pressure

Directly proportional to the fuel flow, indicating engine power output and fuel consumption.

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Air Bleed Configuration

Fuel discharge nozzles are configured for air bleed.

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Jet Size

Determined by fuel inlet pressure and engine's required fuel flow.

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Flow Meter

A pressure gauge that can be calibrated to measure fuel flow.

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Shrouded Nozzles

Used in engines modified with turbosuperchargers, these nozzles prevent interference.

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Atomizing Fuel

Mixing fuel with air to improve fuel disbursement.

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Fuel Discharge Nozzle Purpose

The fuel discharge nozzle mixes fuel and air before spraying it into the engine. It also contains a removable orifice for calibration.

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Nozzle Calibration

Nozzles are calibrated in different ranges to ensure the correct amount of fuel is delivered to each cylinder. All nozzles on a single engine must be in the same range.

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Nozzle Identification

Each nozzle is labeled with a letter on the hex of the nozzle body to indicate its calibration range.

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Air Intake for Fuel Mixing

Air is drawn into the nozzle through holes drilled in the nozzle body, creating a mixture with the fuel.

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Fuel Nozzle Screen Function

A cylindrical screen over the nozzle body filters out dirt and particles to protect the nozzle interior.

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Airflow Direction Control

A shield on the nozzle body directs airflow to prevent dirt from entering the nozzle.

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Fuel-Air Mixture

The fuel discharge nozzle creates a mixture of fuel and air before it is sprayed into the engine.

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What is the purpose of Nozzle Calibration?

Calibration ensures a consistent fuel flow rate for each nozzle, crucial for engine performance.

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Fuel Control Assembly

A component in a Continental/TCM fuel-injection system responsible for managing fuel return to the pump and proportioning fuel flow to the airflow for the correct fuel/air ratio.

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Mixture Control Valve

A valve within the fuel control assembly of a Continental/TCM fuel-injection system that aligns with a return passage, determining the amount of fuel returned to the pump. This valve is connected to the air throttle to ensure correct fuel/air ratio.

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Fuel Manifold Valve

A component in a Continental/TCM fuel-injection system that houses a diaphragm chamber, diaphragm, and a valve that controls the fuel delivery to each individual cylinder. This valve has several functions, including regulating fuel flow and closing off the fuel lines to the cylinders when the valve is closed.

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Fuel Manifold Valve: Diaphragm

A flexible component within the fuel manifold valve that is spring-loaded and moves a valve in the central bore. The fuel pressure acts on the diaphragm, pushing it to open or close the valve.

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Fuel Manifold Valve: Fuel Injection Control Valve

A valve within the manifold valve that controls the flow of fuel to the individual cylinders by opening and closing the fuel lines. When it's closed, the fuel lines are shut off, preventing fuel from reaching the cylinders.

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Fuel Manifold Valve: Ball Valve

A small valve within the fuel injection control valve that helps control the flow of fuel to the manifold valve and provides a central point for dividing the fuel flow to the individual cylinders.

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Plunger Valve

A valve within the fuel manifold valve that controls the fuel supply ports for each cylinder. It raises or lowers by a diaphragm, opening or closing the individual cylinder fuel supply ports simultaneously.

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Fuel Discharge Nozzle: Central Passage

A drilled passage inside the fuel discharge nozzle that allows fuel to flow from the nozzle to the intake port of the cylinder, creating a spray pattern for efficient mixing with air.

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Fuel Discharge Nozzle: Counterbore

A shallow recess at each end of the central passage in the fuel discharge nozzle that helps regulate fuel flow and create a specific spray pattern.

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Fuel-Injection System

A system that delivers fuel directly into the engine's cylinders, replacing carburetors for improved fuel efficiency, power, and emissions.

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Continental/TCM Fuel-Injection System

This system uses a pump, control unit, manifold, and nozzle to deliver fuel continuously, providing consistent operation regardless of engine speed.

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Fuel-Injection Pump

A pump that forces a precise amount of fuel into the injection system, typically using a rotary vane design.

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Rotary Vane Pump

A type of pump using rotating vanes within a chamber to create a positive displacement, pushing fluids forward.

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Relief Valve

A valve within the fuel-injection pump that releases excess pressure, preventing overpressure and ensuring proper fuel delivery.

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Fuel/Air Control Unit

This unit regulates the air intake and fuel pressure to ensure a proper fuel/air ratio for combustion.

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Air Throttle

The component that controls the flow of air into the engine, often connected to the cockpit throttle.

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Metering Valve

This valve within the fuel control assembly regulates the amount of fuel delivered to the manifold.

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Vapor Separator

A component that separates fuel vapor from liquid fuel before it enters the pump, ensuring clean fuel delivery.

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Swirl Well

A chamber within the vapor separator where fuel is swirled, allowing vapor to rise and be drawn away.

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Auxiliary Pump

A separate fuel pump used to provide fuel pressure for engine starting or in case of the main pump failure.

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Recirculation Path

A pathway in the fuel-injection system that directs excess fuel back to the tank, ensuring optimal pressure regulation.

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Engine-Driven Fuel Pump

A fuel pump directly connected to the engine, which delivers fuel based on engine speed.

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Study Notes

Reciprocating Engine

  • A type of engine where a piston moves back and forth in a cylinder, creating mechanical energy.

Fuel-Injection Systems

  • Fuel-Injection Systems have many advantages over a conventional carburetor system
  • Advantages include reduced danger of induction system icing, improved acceleration and fuel distribution, and better fuel economy.

Bendix/Precision Fuel-Injection System

  • Consists of an injector, a flow divider, and fuel discharge nozzles.
  • It's a continuous-flow system that measures engine air consumption, using airflow forces to control fuel flow to the engine.
  • Fuel distribution to individual cylinders is achieved using a fuel flow divider and air bleed nozzles.
  • The system has an airflow section for measuring engine airflow, an impact pressure, and a venturi throat pressure.

Fuel Metering Section

  • Attached to the air metering section, containing an inlet fuel strainer, a manual mixture control valve, and an idle valve.
  • The Idle valve is linked to the throttle valve via an external adjustable link and contains a main metering jet and a power enrichment jet in some models.

Flow Divider

  • Meters and controls fuel flow to the flow divider.
  • The volume of airflow determines the rate of fuel flow, and a pressure differential is referred to as the "air metering force" and is accomplished by channeling the impact and venturi suction pressures to opposite sides of a diaphragm.

Fuel Discharge Nozzles

  • An air-bleed configuration with one nozzle for each cylinder located in the cylinder head.
  • These nozzles are located at intake ports.
  • Fuel is introduced into the intake valve chambers before entering the intake valves.

Continental/TCM Fuel-Injection System

  • This system injects fuel into the intake valve port, into the cylinder head.
  • The system is comprised of a fuel injector pump, a fuel control unit, a fuel manifold, and fuel discharge nozzles

Fuel/Air Control Unit

  • Controls engine air intake and sets metered fuel pressure, for proper fuel/air ratio.
  • Located at the manifold inlet, with a butterfly valve, positioned by in the aircraft's throttle control.
  • This controls intake airflow into the engine.
  • It includes an air throttle assembly with an aluminum casting that holds a shaft and butterfly valve assembly.

Fuel Manifold Valve

  • Contains a diaphragm chamber, a spring-loaded diaphragm, and a valve in the central bore.
  • Fuel is delivered through outlet ports to individual nozzles.
  • The valve is operated by pressure, and a fine screen is installed to prevent contamination.
  • The valve includes a ball valve that has a direct connection to the fuel manifold valve, which divides fuel flow to individual cylinders.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the critical components of fuel injection systems, focusing on the flow divider's role and operation. This quiz covers the function of the flow divider, conditions for fuel flow, and how pressure impacts fuel delivery. Perfect for students studying automotive technology or related fields.

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