32 Questions
What is a fuel?
A material that can react with other substances to release energy as heat or for work.
What are the two most common liquid fuels?
Gasoline and diesel fuel.
What are the common gaseous fuels derived from nature?
Natural gas and propane/butane (LPG).
What is the composition of crude petroleum in terms of carbon and hydrogen?
Approximately 86% carbon and 14% hydrogen.
What are the four grades of gasoline available?
Regular, Premium, Unleaded, Super-unleaded.
What is the antiknock agent used in unleaded gasoline?
Methyl tertiary butyl ether.
What are the three grades of diesel fuel oil and their respective applications?
a) Grade 1D - high-speed engines with frequent load and speed variations, and low fuel temperatures. b) Grade 2D - high-speed engines with high loads and uniform speeds, or engines not requiring high volatility fuels. c) Grade 4D - low- and medium-speed engines with sustained loads at constant speed.
What is biodiesel and how is it derived?
Biodiesel is a clean burning renewable fuel derived from natural vegetable oils and fats. It is made through a chemical process converting oils and fats into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
What are the two most common alcohols used as fuel for spark-ignition engines, and how can they be produced?
The two most common alcohols used as fuel for spark-ignition engines are ethanol and methanol. Ethanol can be produced from grain crops, sugar crops, starches, or crop residuals. Methanol can be produced from coal, natural gas, petroleum, or wood.
What are the disadvantages of using alcohol as an engine fuel?
a) It has only about 67.5% of the heating value of gasoline; b) It does not vaporize as readily as gasoline; c) The cost of manufacture and production is relatively high.
What is gasohol and what are the advantages of adding alcohol to gasoline?
Gasohol is a blend of 90% unleaded gasoline and 10% alcohol used as fuel for spark-ignition tractors and automobile engines. The advantages of adding alcohol to gasoline include raising the octane rating, not producing soot or carbon, burning without smoke or odor, producing exhaust free of nitrogen oxides, reducing the possibility of burning valves, and enabling a higher compression ratio for increased engine efficiency.
What are the sources from which methanol alcohol can be produced?
Methanol alcohol can be produced from coal, natural gas, petroleum, or wood.
What are the primary sources used for producing ethanol?
The primary sources for producing ethanol are grain crops, sugar crops, starches, and crop residuals.
What are the applications of Grade 4D diesel fuel oil?
Grade 4D diesel fuel oil is applicable for use in low- and medium-speed engines employed in services involving sustained loads at substantially constant speed.
What are the applications of Grade 1D diesel fuel oil?
Grade 1D diesel fuel oil is applicable for use in high-speed engines in services involving frequent and relatively wide variations in loads and speeds, and in cases where abnormally low fuel temperatures are encountered.
What are the applications of Grade 2D diesel fuel oil?
Grade 2D diesel fuel oil is applicable for use in high-speed engines in services involving relatively high loads and uniform speeds, or in engines not requiring fuels having higher volatility.
Which of the following is primarily used as an antiknock agent in unleaded gasoline?
Methyl tertiary butyl ether
What is the primary difference between Premium and Regular grades of gasoline?
Regular contains tetraethyl lead, while Premium does not.
What is the main component of liquid fuels like gasoline and diesel fuel?
Carbon and hydrogen
Which grade of gasoline should be used in engines with high compression ratio?
Premium
What are the common gaseous fuels derived from nature?
Propane and butane
What are the most common alcohols used as fuel for spark-ignition engines?
Methanol and ethanol
Which grade of diesel fuel oil is applicable for use in low- and medium-speed engines employed in services involving sustained loads at substantially constant speed?
Grade 4D
What is the primary source used for producing methanol alcohol?
Coal
What is the main disadvantage of using alcohol as an engine fuel?
It has only about 67.5% of the heating value of gasoline
What is the blend of 90% unleaded gasoline and 10% alcohol used as fuel for spark-ignition tractors and automobile engines known as?
Gasohol
What is the most common alcohol used as a fuel for spark-ignition engines, and how can it be produced?
Ethanol - from coal
What are the applications of Grade 1D diesel fuel oil?
High-speed engines with frequent load variations
From which sources can ethanol be produced?
Grain crops, sugar crops, starches, crop residuals
What is biodiesel derived from?
$FAME$
Why may alcohol be mixed with petroleum fuel such as gasoline?
$\text{Raises the octane rating of the fuel}$
$5(7 + 3)$
30
Test your knowledge of fuels and combustion with this quiz covering the properties and types of liquid and gaseous fuels commonly used in internal combustion engines. Explore the energy release process and the composition of crude petroleum. This quiz is based on the teachings of Engr. Arjay A. Arpia, MSc.
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