Questions and Answers
What is the sequence of evaluation in a physical examination?
What is a symptom?
Subjective patient's perception
What is a sign in medical terms?
Provable data objective
What are the components of a stethoscope?
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What is the purpose of a health history?
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What does P in PQRST stand for?
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What is the description of healthcare quality?
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What are healthcare quality outcomes?
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What defines the quality of care?
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What does a 0 on the Pulse-Volume Scale represent?
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What does a pulse deficit indicate?
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What is bradycardia?
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The pulse sites include temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, and _______.
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Study Notes
Sequence of Evaluation
- Evaluation involves four key steps:
- Inspection: Visual examination without contact.
- Palpation: Physical examination involving touch.
- Percussion: Striking technique to assess sound and determine underlying structures.
- Oscillation: Listening for bodily sounds, often used with devices like stethoscopes.
Symptoms vs. Signs
- Symptoms: Subjective experiences reported by the patient regarding their condition.
- Signs: Objective findings that can be measured or observed.
Stethoscope Components
- Bell: Used for detecting low-frequency sounds.
- Diaphragm: Used for high-frequency sounds including heart murmurs and bowel sounds.
Purpose of a Health History
- Assesses health through:
- Review of Systems: Comprehensive overview of bodily systems.
- Identifying New Problems: Spotting emerging health issues.
- Health Promotion: Initiatives to enhance overall well-being.
PQRST Method of Pain Assessment
- P: Provocation/Palliation - Factors that trigger or relieve pain.
- Q: Quality/Quantity - Describes the nature of pain sensations.
- R: Region/Radiation - Locations of pain and whether it spreads.
- S: Severity Scale - Pain intensity rated from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain).
- T: Timing - When pain started and duration.
Health Care Quality - Service Process
- Quality in healthcare encompasses:
- Service offerings and technical performance.
- Quality of interpersonal relationships with patients.
- Adequate patient education, safety, access, and continuity of care.
Health Care Quality - Outcomes
- Outcomes reflect patient satisfaction and health impacts due to services rendered.
- Accessibility issues can directly affect health outcomes.
- The Donabedian model is a foundational framework for assessing healthcare quality.
Quality of Care Definition
- Defined as the alignment of health services with desired health outcomes, ensuring they adhere to current professional knowledge and deliver timely, patient-centered care.
Pulse-Volume Scale
- 0: Absent pulse.
- 1+: Weak and difficult to palpate.
- 2+: Normal pulse, palpable with regular pressure.
- 3+: Bounding pulse, visibly pulsating.
Pulse Deficit Protocol
- Acute condition where apical pulse rate exceeds radial pulse rate, indicating inadequate peripheral pulse strength.
- Measurement requires simultaneous counting of both pulse sites by two observers.
Bradycardia
- Identified as a slow heart rate (< 60 bpm for adults).
- Can lead to decreased cardiac output, influenced by factors like low blood pressure, elevated temperature, anemia, exercise, emotional stress, and medications.
Pulse Sites
- Temporal: Above the eye; used when radial pulse is inaccessible.
- Carotid: Side of neck; crucial during cardiac arrest.
- Apical/PMI: Apex of the heart; important for assessing discrepancies in heart rates.
- Brachial: Inner arm; used in pediatric emergencies and blood pressure readings.
- Radial: Inner wrist; common pulse site.
- Femoral: Groin area; checks leg circulation.
- Popliteal: Behind the knee; significant for circulatory assessment.
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Description
This quiz consists of flashcards for the first exam in the nursing program at FSCJ. It covers key concepts including evaluation sequences, symptoms, signs, and the stethoscope. Ideal for nursing students preparing for their assessments.
