Questions and Answers
What does Infrastructure as Code (IaC) primarily involve?
Which of the following is an example of Platform as a Service (PaaS)?
What type of service is AWS EC2 classified as?
Which tool is primarily used for container orchestration?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding cloud services?
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Which language is primarily used for server-side programming in Node.js?
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What is the main purpose of CSS in frontend development?
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Which of the following is NOT a key practice in DevOps?
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What is the primary characteristic of NoSQL databases?
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Which framework is widely known for building single-page applications?
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What does CRUD stand for in database management?
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Which of the following frameworks is known for its minimal and flexible approach in Node.js?
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Which tool is used as a module bundler for JavaScript applications?
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Study Notes
Techstack Study Notes
Frontend Development
- Definition: The part of a web application or website that users interact with directly.
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Languages:
- HTML: Structure of web pages.
- CSS: Styling and layout of web pages.
- JavaScript: Interactivity and dynamic content.
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Frameworks/Libraries:
- React: Component-based library for building UI.
- Angular: Full-fledged framework for single-page applications.
- Vue.js: Progressive framework for building UIs.
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Tools:
- Webpack: Module bundler for JavaScript applications.
- Babel: JavaScript compiler for next-gen features.
- Sass: CSS preprocessor for better styling.
Backend Development
- Definition: Server-side development focused on databases, server logic, and APIs.
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Languages:
- Node.js: JavaScript runtime for server-side programming.
- Python: Versatile language, often used with Django or Flask.
- Java: Common in enterprise applications, often with Spring framework.
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Frameworks:
- Express.js: Minimal and flexible Node.js web application framework.
- Django: High-level Python framework that encourages rapid development.
- Ruby on Rails: Full-stack web application framework for Ruby.
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APIs:
- REST: Architectural style for designing networked applications.
- GraphQL: Query language for APIs, allows clients to request specific data.
Database Management
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Types of Databases:
- Relational (SQL): Structured data, uses tables; e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL.
- NoSQL: Unstructured data, flexible schema; e.g., MongoDB, Cassandra.
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Key Concepts:
- CRUD Operations: Create, Read, Update, Delete.
- Indexing: Improves database query performance.
- Transactions: Ensures data integrity via ACID properties.
DevOps Practices
- Definition: Methodology that combines software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops).
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Key Practices:
- Continuous Integration (CI): Automating code testing and integration.
- Continuous Deployment (CD): Automating deployment to production.
- Infrastructure as Code (IaC): Managing infrastructure through code (e.g., Terraform).
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Tools:
- Jenkins: Automation server for CI/CD.
- Docker: Containerization platform for applications.
- Kubernetes: Orchestration tool for managing containerized applications.
Cloud Services
- Definition: Delivery of computing services over the internet (the cloud).
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Types of Services:
- Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Virtualized computing resources (e.g., AWS EC2).
- Platform as a Service (PaaS): Platform allowing developers to build applications (e.g., Google App Engine).
- Software as a Service (SaaS): Software accessed via the internet (e.g., Salesforce, Google Workspace).
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Key Providers:
- Amazon Web Services (AWS): Comprehensive and widely adopted cloud platform.
- Microsoft Azure: Offers cloud services and solutions for businesses.
- Google Cloud Platform (GCP): Cloud computing services and machine learning tools.
Frontend Development
- The user-facing part of websites and web applications.
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Languages:
- HTML: Provides structure to web pages by defining elements like headings, paragraphs, and links.
- CSS: Controls the visual presentation, including layout, colors, and fonts, enhancing user experience.
- JavaScript: Adds interactivity and dynamic content, allowing for responsive behavior on web pages.
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Frameworks/Libraries:
- React: Promotes the creation of reusable UI components for efficient development.
- Angular: A comprehensive framework ideal for building single-page applications with a robust structure.
- Vue.js: Flexible and progressive framework, suitable for incrementally adopting features.
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Tools:
- Webpack: Bundles JavaScript modules and assets for optimized application performance.
- Babel: Transforms modern JavaScript into backward-compatible versions for compatibility with older browsers.
- Sass: A CSS preprocessor that extends standard CSS with variables, nested rules, and functions.
Backend Development
- Focuses on server-side functionalities, including database management, API creation, and server logic.
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Languages:
- Node.js: Enables JavaScript execution on the server, facilitating full-stack development with one language.
- Python: A multipurpose language commonly used with frameworks such as Django and Flask for web development.
- Java: Frequently used in enterprise solutions, often leveraging the Spring framework for web applications.
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Frameworks:
- Express.js: A lightweight framework for building web applications and services with Node.js.
- Django: A high-level framework designed for rapid web development, emphasizing clean and pragmatic design.
- Ruby on Rails: Promotes convention over configuration, streamlining the development process for web applications.
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APIs:
- REST: An architectural style that enables communication across networked applications through stateless requests.
- GraphQL: A versatile query language allowing clients to request specific data, enhancing flexibility over REST.
Database Management
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Types of Databases:
- Relational (SQL): Manages structured data organized in tables, e.g., MySQL and PostgreSQL.
- NoSQL: Handles unstructured or semi-structured data with a flexible schema, exemplified by MongoDB and Cassandra.
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Key Concepts:
- CRUD Operations: Fundamental data manipulation techniques (Create, Read, Update, Delete) for databases.
- Indexing: A method to enhance the speed of data retrieval operations by creating efficient data structures.
- Transactions: Maintains data integrity through ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties.
DevOps Practices
- Merges software development and IT operations to improve collaboration and efficiency.
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Key Practices:
- Continuous Integration (CI): Automates the process of integrating code changes and testing them to detect issues early.
- Continuous Deployment (CD): Streamlines the deployment process to deliver applications to production without manual intervention.
- Infrastructure as Code (IaC): Uses code to manage and provision computing infrastructure, promoting consistency and repeatability.
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Tools:
- Jenkins: An automation server that facilitates CI/CD processes through customizable pipelines.
- Docker: A platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers, isolating them from environment differences.
- Kubernetes: An orchestration tool that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
Cloud Services
- Provides remote computing resources and services over the internet, enhancing flexibility and scalability.
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Types of Services:
- Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Offers virtualized computing resources; examples include AWS EC2.
- Platform as a Service (PaaS): Provides an environment for developers to build applications without managing infrastructure; e.g., Google App Engine.
- Software as a Service (SaaS): Software delivery model where applications are hosted in the cloud and accessed via the internet; examples include Salesforce and Google Workspace.
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Key Providers:
- Amazon Web Services (AWS): Leading provider with a comprehensive suite of cloud services and tools.
- Microsoft Azure: Delivers a wide range of cloud services tailored for business solutions.
- Google Cloud Platform (GCP): Offers cloud computing services and advanced tools for machine learning and data analytics.
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Description
Explore the essentials of frontend and backend development in this quiz. Learn about key languages, frameworks, and tools essential for building modern web applications. Test your knowledge on both client-side and server-side technologies.