Frog Internal Anatomy Quiz

Frog Internal Anatomy

• The liver, right lung, small intestine, mesentery, oviduct, large intestine, heart, fat body, stomach, ovary, kidney, and bladder are all internal organs found in a frog.

Epithelial Tissue

• Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium consists of a single layer of cells but appears to have multiple layers due to size differences, commonly found in the trachea and respiratory tract.
• Transitional Epithelium consists of multiple cells that can change shape depending on the pressure experienced by the organ, found in the bladder and urethra.

Connective Tissue

• Fibroblast Cells (Areolar Tissue) have a flattened, dark-staining nucleus and cytoplasm, providing structural support in softer body parts, with collagen forming thick and tough fibers.
• Fat Cells (Adipose Tissues) are spherical cells that store oils or fats, releasing fat molecules into the bloodstream when cells run out of nutrients, and produce the hormone Leptin.
• Cartilage Cells, also known as chondrocytes, secrete collagen and long chains of sugar molecules, forming a more rigid and stronger connective tissue.
• Ligaments are elastic bands of tissue connecting bone to bone, providing joint stability.
• Tendons are bands of tissue connecting muscle to bone.

Epithelial Tissue Types

• Squamous Epithelium: Simple Squamous Epithelium is a single layer of flattened cells, allowing diffusion of gases and small molecules, found in the inner lining of blood vessels and lungs.
• Squamous Epithelium: Stratified Squamous Epithelium has multiple layers of cells, providing protection from stress, abrasion, and desiccation, found in the linings of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina.
• Cuboidal Epithelium: Simple Cuboidal Epithelium is a single layer of cube-like cells, secreting and absorbing materials through ducts or tubes, found in the linings of the kidney and intestines.
• Cuboidal Epithelium: Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium has multiple layers of cells, selectively absorbing and secreting materials into the blood or lymph vessels, found in glands like sweat, mammary, and salivary glands.
• Columnar Epithelium: Simple Columnar Epithelium is a single layer of cells taller than they are wide, absorbing nutrients and secreting enzymes and mucous, found in the intestines and stomach.

Muscle Types

• Striated or Skeletal Muscles are voluntary, have slow to fast contraction speeds, and are found in the body.
• Smooth Muscles are involuntary, have slow rhythmic contractions, and are found in the body.
• Cardiac Muscles are involuntary, have slow rhythmic contractions, and are found in the heart.

Nervous System

• The nervous system has three main functions: maintaining body homeostasis with electrical signals, providing sensation, higher mental functioning, and emotional response, and activating muscles and glands.
• The nervous system consists of two subdivisions: the central nervous system (CNS), comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), comprising spinal and cranial nerves.
• Nerve cells, also known as neurons, are supported by supporting cells, which in the CNS are referred to as neuroglia.