Frog Functions Flashcards

Cloaca: Functions as an exit chamber for digestive and urinary waste, along with reproductive cells (eggs/sperm).
Esophagus: Connects the mouth to the stomach, facilitating food transit.
Gullet: Another term for the esophagus or throat, important for food passage.
Gall Bladder: Stores bile, releasing it into the small intestine as necessary for digestion.
Vocal Sacs: Unique to male frogs, these sacs aid in producing calls to attract females for mating.
Eustachian Tubes: Connect the middle ear to the throat, helping to equalize ear pressure.

Large Intestine: Approximately 6 feet long, consisting of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anus; primarily absorbs water and forms feces.
Small Intestine: Major site for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption.
Liver: Detoxifies poisons and converts ammonia from proteins into uric acid for excretion.
Pancreas: Triangular gland behind the stomach; contains exocrine (digestive) and endocrine (hormonal) cells.
Stomach: Muscular organ responsible for mixing food before it passes into the small intestine.

Heart (Atrium): Composed of two atria and a single ventricle; deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium while oxygenated blood enters the left atrium.
Heart (Ventricle): Pumps blood throughout the body while minimizing the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Bladder: Hollow muscular organ for temporary storage of urine.
Kidney: Filters blood to remove wastes, including urea, water, and excess salts.
Ureter: Transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Ovary: Responsible for holding eggs in female frogs.
Testes: Produce testosterone and sperm in males, activated by hormones from the pituitary gland.
Oviduct: Also known as the Fallopian tube, connects ovaries to the cloaca.

Tympanic Membrane: The eardrum, which vibrates in response to sound, separating outer and middle ear elements.
Lungs: Pair of spongy organs where blood is oxygenated.