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Questions and Answers
What is the total friction loss in psi for 300 feet of 3” hose flowing at 400 GPM?
What is the total friction loss in psi for 300 feet of 3” hose flowing at 400 GPM?
How is the friction loss calculated for 2½” hose?
How is the friction loss calculated for 2½” hose?
Which type of 2½” hose is used primarily during standpipe operations?
Which type of 2½” hose is used primarily during standpipe operations?
What is the average coefficient used for friction loss in a 3” hose?
What is the average coefficient used for friction loss in a 3” hose?
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What is the maximum friction loss for 500 GPM through a 3” hose?
What is the maximum friction loss for 500 GPM through a 3” hose?
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During which conditions do most accidents involving fire apparatus occur?
During which conditions do most accidents involving fire apparatus occur?
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What type of license must drivers of authorized emergency vehicles possess in Florida?
What type of license must drivers of authorized emergency vehicles possess in Florida?
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What does 'due regard' mean in the context of emergency vehicle operation?
What does 'due regard' mean in the context of emergency vehicle operation?
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Which of the following factors is NOT considered when assessing reasonable safety for emergency vehicle operations?
Which of the following factors is NOT considered when assessing reasonable safety for emergency vehicle operations?
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What potential consequences does a driver face for violating state statutes while operating emergency vehicles?
What potential consequences does a driver face for violating state statutes while operating emergency vehicles?
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Study Notes
Friction Loss in Hose
- Friction loss in 3” hose calculated for a flowing rate of 100 to 500 GPM ranging from 1 psi to 25 psi per 100 feet.
- Average coefficient for friction loss in 3” hose is 0.72.
- Total friction loss formula: FL = Q² x L, where Q is flow rate and L is hose length in hundreds.
Friction Loss for Different Sizes
- Friction loss in 2½” hose: calculated as 2 x Q² x L.
- Two types of 2.5” hose, Hi-Combat® (200 ft long) is pre-connected on the right rear of engines; Tru-ID 2.5® is available in four 50 ft bundles for easy deployment.
- Primary use of 2.5” hose includes standpipe operations.
Driving Operations and Responsibilities
- In Florida, emergency vehicle operators are not required to have a CDL but must possess a Class E license.
- Drivers must operate firefighting apparatus defensively and safely according to state laws and policies.
- “Due regard” means exercising caution and care similar to reasonable persons in similar circumstances.
Locating Water Sources
- Communication Center can assist in locating water sources.
- Water Source Locator software provides information on hydrants and static sources.
Relay Pumping Operations
- Used when the water source is remote; involves transferring water through hoses to the fire scene.
- The “source” engine pumps from the water source, while the “attack” engine is located at the fire scene.
- Larger pumps at water sources reduce friction loss; prefer using 5” hoses for less loss and maximum GPM.
Setup and Management of Dump Tanks
- Must be placed on level ground to maximize capacity; should include a salvage cover for protection.
- Supply engines should flow water back into dump tanks to maintain priming.
- A Water Supply Officer may be needed to coordinate relay pumping and water supply operations.
Friction Loss Calculations for Various Hoses
- Friction loss for flows less than 95 GPM is negligible; should round up to 100 GPM for calculations.
- For 5” hoses, use the 5” Hand Method in practical settings though coefficients are preferred in classrooms.
Practical Calculations Examples
- Calculating friction loss: For 400 ft of 3” hose flowing 300 GPM results in a loss of 25.92 psi.
- Using the coefficient method in practical settings enables standardized friction loss evaluations across hose sizes.
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Description
Test your understanding of friction loss calculations in hoses with this quiz. You'll explore how different flow rates affect the friction loss over a distance and apply the average coefficient for accurate calculations.
