Questions and Answers
What device was used for beheading during the Reign of Terror?
Guillotine
Who invented the guillotine?
Dr. Guillotin
What period is referred to as the Reign of Terror?
1793 to 1794
How did Robespierre treat those he considered enemies of the republic?
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What was the fate of Louis XVI during the French Revolution?
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What types of individuals were targeted during the Reign of Terror?
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Study Notes
French Revolution
- France is a republic, meaning it does not have a hereditary monarchy
- In 1793, Louis XVI was sentenced to death by a court on the charge of treason and was publicly executed at the Place de la Concorde on January 21
- Marie Antoinette, the queen, met the same fate shortly after
The Reign of Terror (1793-1794)
- This period was marked by severe control and punishment under Robespierre's rule
- Those considered "enemies" of the republic, including ex-nobles, clergy, and members of other political parties, were arrested, imprisoned, and tried by a revolutionary tribunal
- If found guilty, they were executed by guillotine, a device named after Dr. Guillotin, its inventor
- The government issued laws to control the economy, including:
- Maximum ceiling on wages and prices
- Rationing of meat and bread
- Forced transportation of grain from peasants to cities, sold at fixed prices
- Ban on using expensive white flour; all citizens had to eat "pain d'égalité" (equality bread), made from whole wheat
- Equality was also sought through forms of speech and address
