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Questions and Answers
What was the primary reason for the summoning of the Estates-General?
What was the main outcome of the Storming of the Bastille?
Which group held power during the period of radicalization in the French Revolution?
What was the main outcome of the fall of Robespierre?
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What was the main characteristic of the National Assembly?
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What was the main outcome of the abolition of feudalism?
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What was the main reason for the unpopularity of the Directory?
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What marked the end of the French Revolution?
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Was forderte der dritte Stand im Mai 1789?
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Was geschah am 20. Juni 1789?
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Was war das Ergebnis der politischen Reformen zwischen 1789 und 1791?
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Wie wurde das Parlament 1791 gewählt?
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Wann begann der erste Koalitionskrieg?
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Was geschah mit der Königsfamilie im Juli 1792?
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Wer übernahm die Regierung unter der Leitung von Robespierre?
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Was war das Ergebnis des Fluchtversuchs von Ludwig XVI ins Ausland?
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Warum rief Ludwig XVI die Generalstände ein?
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Was bedeutete der Ballhausschwur?
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Was war das Hauptziel der politischen Reformen zwischen 1789 und 1791?
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Wann wurde die Verfassung von 1791 verabschiedet?
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Was war die Folge des Fluchtversuchs von Ludwig XVI ins Ausland?
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Wer trat im September 1792 zusammen und rief die Republik aus?
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Wann begann die Regierung von Robespierre?
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Was war das Ziel der Nationalversammlung?
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Study Notes
French Revolution Overview
- Lasted for 10 years, from 1789 to 1799
- Multiple groups held power, including the National Assembly, the National Convention, and the Directory
Causes of the French Revolution
- State financial crisis, with King Louis XVI unable to find a solution
- Summoning of the Estates-General, a gathering of the three estates: nobility, clergy, and commoners
Estates-General and the National Assembly
- Third Estate, representing 90% of the population, had only one vote, leading to demands for reform
- Declaration of the National Assembly, with the aim of creating a constitution for France
- Tennis Court Oath, where the National Assembly vowed to continue their work on a constitution
Key Events of the French Revolution
- Storming of the Bastille, a symbol of absolute monarchy, on July 14, 1789
- Abolition of feudalism and the privileges of the nobility and clergy
- Adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, establishing fundamental rights
- Establishment of a constitutional monarchy in 1791, with a king and a parliament
The Reign of Terror and the Fall of Robespierre
- Period of radicalization, with the Committee of Public Safety, led by Robespierre, gaining power
- Introduction of the Reign of Terror, with mass executions and suppression of opposition
- Fall of Robespierre in April 1794, leading to a return to more moderate governance
The Directory and Napoleon's Rise to Power
- Establishment of the Directory, a five-member executive council, in 1795
- Unpopularity of the Directory, with corruption and financial struggles
- Coup d'état by Napoleon Bonaparte in November 1799, marking the end of the French Revolution
French Revolution Overview
- Took place over a decade from 1789 to 1799
- Power was held by multiple groups, including the National Assembly, the National Convention, and the Directory
Causes of the French Revolution
- France faced a severe state financial crisis under King Louis XVI
- The King's inability to find a solution led to the summoning of the Estates-General
- The Estates-General comprised three estates: nobility, clergy, and commoners
Estates-General and the National Assembly
- The Third Estate represented 90% of the population but had only one vote, sparking demands for reform
- The National Assembly aimed to create a constitution for France
- The Tennis Court Oath marked the National Assembly's vow to continue their constitutional work
Key Events of the French Revolution
- The Storming of the Bastille occurred on July 14, 1789, symbolizing the end of absolute monarchy
- Feudalism and noble and clerical privileges were abolished
- The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen established fundamental rights
- A constitutional monarchy was established in 1791, featuring a king and parliament
The Reign of Terror and the Fall of Robespierre
- The Committee of Public Safety, led by Robespierre, gained power during a period of radicalization
- The Reign of Terror introduced mass executions and opposition suppression
- Robespierre fell from power in April 1794, marking a return to more moderate governance
The Directory and Napoleon's Rise to Power
- The Directory, a five-member executive council, was established in 1795
- The Directory faced unpopularity due to corruption and financial struggles
- Napoleon Bonaparte's November 1799 coup d'état marked the end of the French Revolution
The French Revolution
- 1789: King Louis XVI convenes the Estates-General to address the state's financial crisis.
- May 1789: The Third Estate demands reform of the voting system, as they have only one vote despite being the majority.
- June 1789: The Third Estate declares itself the National Assembly, becoming the legitimate representative of the people.
The Storming of the Bastille
- July 14, 1789: Parisians storm the Bastille, a symbol of absolute monarchical power.
- 1789-1791: Numerous political reforms are implemented, including the abolition of the feudal system and forced labor, and the adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
The Constitution of 1791
- 1791: A new constitution is adopted, aiming to establish France as a constitutional monarchy.
- 1791: The parliament is elected through a property-based franchise, disenfranchising landless men.
The First Coalition War
- 1792: The First Coalition War begins, pitting France against Austria and its allies.
- 1792: King Louis XVI's attempted escape to a foreign country fails, and he is seen as a traitor to the nation.
The Republic
- July 1792: The National Assembly is dissolved, and the royal family is arrested.
- September 1792: The National Convention convenes and declares the Republic.
- 1793: King Louis XVI is executed.
The Government of Robespierre
- April 1793: The Committee of Public Safety takes over the government under Robespierre's leadership.
- 1793: The Committee introduces social welfare policies, improving the lives of many citizens, but also establishes a reign of terror, brutally suppressing opponents and perceived enemies.
The Fall of Robespierre
- April 1794: The Committee of Public Safety is overthrown, and Robespierre is executed.
- 1795: The Directory Constitution is adopted, and a five-member Directory assumes power.
The Fall of the Directory
- November 1799: General Napoleon Bonaparte stages a coup, ending the Revolution, and declares himself the First Consul.
The French Revolution
- 1789: King Louis XVI convenes the Estates-General to address the state's financial crisis.
- May 1789: The Third Estate demands reform of the voting system, as they have only one vote despite being the majority.
- June 1789: The Third Estate declares itself the National Assembly, becoming the legitimate representative of the people.
The Storming of the Bastille
- July 14, 1789: Parisians storm the Bastille, a symbol of absolute monarchical power.
- 1789-1791: Numerous political reforms are implemented, including the abolition of the feudal system and forced labor, and the adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
The Constitution of 1791
- 1791: A new constitution is adopted, aiming to establish France as a constitutional monarchy.
- 1791: The parliament is elected through a property-based franchise, disenfranchising landless men.
The First Coalition War
- 1792: The First Coalition War begins, pitting France against Austria and its allies.
- 1792: King Louis XVI's attempted escape to a foreign country fails, and he is seen as a traitor to the nation.
The Republic
- July 1792: The National Assembly is dissolved, and the royal family is arrested.
- September 1792: The National Convention convenes and declares the Republic.
- 1793: King Louis XVI is executed.
The Government of Robespierre
- April 1793: The Committee of Public Safety takes over the government under Robespierre's leadership.
- 1793: The Committee introduces social welfare policies, improving the lives of many citizens, but also establishes a reign of terror, brutally suppressing opponents and perceived enemies.
The Fall of Robespierre
- April 1794: The Committee of Public Safety is overthrown, and Robespierre is executed.
- 1795: The Directory Constitution is adopted, and a five-member Directory assumes power.
The Fall of the Directory
- November 1799: General Napoleon Bonaparte stages a coup, ending the Revolution, and declares himself the First Consul.
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Description
Learn about the key events and causes of the French Revolution, which lasted from 1789 to 1799. Discover the roles of the National Assembly, the National Convention, and the Directory, and the impact of the Estates-General on the revolution.
