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Questions and Answers
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the French Revolution?
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the French Revolution?
- Foreign invasion (correct)
- Social inequality
- Spread of liberal and democratic ideas
- Financial crisis
What was the main reason for the French monarch Louis XVI to summon the Estates-General in 1789?
What was the main reason for the French monarch Louis XVI to summon the Estates-General in 1789?
- To abolish the feudal system
- To establish a new form of government
- To address the financial crisis (correct)
- To declare war on the American colonies
What was the main goal of the National Assembly?
What was the main goal of the National Assembly?
- To establish a new monarchy
- To continue work on a new constitution (correct)
- To declare war on other European nations
- To abolish the feudal system
What was the significance of the Storming of the Bastille in 1789?
What was the significance of the Storming of the Bastille in 1789?
What was the outcome of the Great Fear?
What was the outcome of the Great Fear?
What was the significance of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
What was the significance of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
What was the period of violence and executions led by Maximilien Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety?
What was the period of violence and executions led by Maximilien Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety?
What was the Estate that represented the commoners?
What was the Estate that represented the commoners?
What was the main cause of the social inequality in France during the French Revolution?
What was the main cause of the social inequality in France during the French Revolution?
What was the Enlightenment idea that influenced the population during the French Revolution?
What was the Enlightenment idea that influenced the population during the French Revolution?
What was the purpose of the Estates-General?
What was the purpose of the Estates-General?
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Study Notes
Causes of the French Revolution
- Financial Crisis: France was deeply in debt from the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War.
- Social Inequality: The Estates-General system divided society into three estates: clergy, nobility, and commoners, with the majority of the population in the third estate.
- Enlightenment Ideas: The spread of liberal and democratic ideas from the Enlightenment, such as those of Rousseau, Voltaire, and Montesquieu, influenced the population.
Estates-General and the National Assembly
- Estates-General: The French monarch, Louis XVI, summoned the Estates-General in 1789 to address the financial crisis.
- National Assembly: The Third Estate, representing the commoners, declared itself the National Assembly and took an oath to continue their work on a new constitution.
Key Events of the Revolution
- Storming of the Bastille (July 14, 1789): A symbol of the absolute monarchy, the Bastille was stormed and destroyed, marking the beginning of the Revolution.
- Great Fear (July-August 1789): Peasants and villagers attacked and burned châteaux, leading to the abolition of feudalism.
- Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (August 1789): A fundamental document of the Revolution, outlining individual liberties and democratic principles.
- Reign of Terror (1793-1794): A period of violence and executions, led by Maximilien Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety.
- Rise of Napoleon: Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in 1799, marking the end of the Revolution and the beginning of the Napoleonic Empire.
Key Figures
- Louis XVI: The French monarch who summoned the Estates-General and was eventually executed in 1793.
- Maximilien Robespierre: A leading figure of the Revolution, who dominated the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror.
- Napoleon Bonaparte: A military general who seized power and became Emperor of France, ending the Revolution and starting the Napoleonic Empire.
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