Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which Enlightenment idea directly challenged the Divine Right of Kings?
Which Enlightenment idea directly challenged the Divine Right of Kings?
- The importance of maintaining a strong military.
- The concept of a social contract and government by consent. (correct)
- The necessity of a centralized banking system.
- The belief in predestination and the rejection of free will.
How did Louis XVI's attempt to flee France impact the course of the revolution?
How did Louis XVI's attempt to flee France impact the course of the revolution?
- It solidified his position as a constitutional monarch.
- It increased mistrust of the monarchy and fueled republican sentiments. (correct)
- It demonstrated his commitment to working with the National Assembly.
- It led to a stronger alliance with foreign powers.
What was the main purpose of the Estates-General when it was called by Louis XVI in 1789?
What was the main purpose of the Estates-General when it was called by Louis XVI in 1789?
- To advise the King on matters of trade with England.
- To celebrate the King's birthday and consolidate royal power.
- To plan the construction of the Palace of Versailles.
- To address France's financial crisis. (correct)
How did the system of the Three Estates contribute to the French Revolution?
How did the system of the Three Estates contribute to the French Revolution?
What was the significance of the Third Estate declaring itself the National Assembly?
What was the significance of the Third Estate declaring itself the National Assembly?
How did the 1791 Constitution change the French government?
How did the 1791 Constitution change the French government?
Why was the Palace of Versailles a point of contention during the French Revolution?
Why was the Palace of Versailles a point of contention during the French Revolution?
What was the significance of the Tennis Court Oath?
What was the significance of the Tennis Court Oath?
Why was the Directory ultimately considered a failure?
Why was the Directory ultimately considered a failure?
What was the main reason for Louis XVI's execution?
What was the main reason for Louis XVI's execution?
How did France's declaration of war on Austria impact the revolution?
How did France's declaration of war on Austria impact the revolution?
What was the primary purpose of the Committee of Public Safety?
What was the primary purpose of the Committee of Public Safety?
Which principle was NOT emphasized in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
Which principle was NOT emphasized in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
What was the Reign of Terror and what was its outcome?
What was the Reign of Terror and what was its outcome?
What was the main demand of the Women's March on Versailles?
What was the main demand of the Women's March on Versailles?
How did the storming of the Bastille become a pivotal event in the French Revolution?
How did the storming of the Bastille become a pivotal event in the French Revolution?
How did Napoleon's rise to power signify the end of the French Revolution?
How did Napoleon's rise to power signify the end of the French Revolution?
Which of the following best describes the long-term impact of the French Revolution on Europe?
Which of the following best describes the long-term impact of the French Revolution on Europe?
How did Enlightenment ideals influence the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
How did Enlightenment ideals influence the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
What was the relationship between the Reign of Terror and the goals of the French Revolution?
What was the relationship between the Reign of Terror and the goals of the French Revolution?
How did the French Revolution affect the power and influence of the Catholic Church in France?
How did the French Revolution affect the power and influence of the Catholic Church in France?
What role did economic factors play in the outbreak of the French Revolution?
What role did economic factors play in the outbreak of the French Revolution?
How did the concept of 'general will,' as promoted by Rousseau, influence the French Revolution?
How did the concept of 'general will,' as promoted by Rousseau, influence the French Revolution?
How did Louis XIV's 'I am the state' philosophy contribute to the conditions leading to the French Revolution?
How did Louis XIV's 'I am the state' philosophy contribute to the conditions leading to the French Revolution?
How did the execution of Marie Antoinette symbolize a turning point in the French Revolution?
How did the execution of Marie Antoinette symbolize a turning point in the French Revolution?
Flashcards
Enlightenment Ideas
Enlightenment Ideas
Emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism; inspired challenges to absolute monarchies.
Louis XVI Tries to Flee France
Louis XVI Tries to Flee France
King's failed attempt to escape France, undermining his authority.
Divine Right of Kings
Divine Right of Kings
Belief that monarchs rule by God's will, giving them absolute power.
Meeting of the Estates-General
Meeting of the Estates-General
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Absolute Monarchy
Absolute Monarchy
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The Three Estates (Old Regime)
The Three Estates (Old Regime)
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Creation of the National Assembly
Creation of the National Assembly
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1791 Constitution
1791 Constitution
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Louis XIV - “I Am the State”
Louis XIV - “I Am the State”
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The Palace of Versailles
The Palace of Versailles
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Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette’s Arranged Marriage
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette’s Arranged Marriage
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Tennis Court Oath
Tennis Court Oath
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The Directory
The Directory
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Louis XVI Executed
Louis XVI Executed
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France Declares War on Austria
France Declares War on Austria
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Marie Antoinette Executed
Marie Antoinette Executed
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Committee of Public Safety Created
Committee of Public Safety Created
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Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
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Reign of Terror
Reign of Terror
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Women's March on Versailles
Women's March on Versailles
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Robespierre Executed
Robespierre Executed
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Storming of the Bastille
Storming of the Bastille
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Napoleon Declares Himself Emperor
Napoleon Declares Himself Emperor
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Study Notes
- The Enlightenment in the 17th and 18th centuries focused on reason, individualism and skepticism.
- John Locke advocated for governments protecting natural rights: life, liberty, and property.
- Voltaire championed freedom of speech and religious tolerance.
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau promoted the concept of the "general will" and government by consent.
- Enlightenment ideas encouraged revolutionaries to challenge absolute monarchies and church power.
Louis XVI and the Monarchy
- Louis XVI and his family tried to escape to Varennes in 1791.
- The escape attempt damaged his authority and increased calls for a republic
- The Divine Right of Kings asserted that monarchs ruled by God's will and had absolute power.
- The French Revolution sought to replace this with popular sovereignty.
- Louis XVI was an absolute monarch with complete control over France.
- His rule was criticized as oppressive and sparked demands for popular governance.
Estates-General and National Assembly
- The Estates-General was a French representative assembly of the clergy, nobility, and common people.
- Louis XVI convened the Estates-General in 1789 to address France's financial crisis.
- Disagreements arose, and the Third Estate demanded greater influence.
- The Third Estate formed the National Assembly in June 1789, claiming to represent the people.
- They pledged to create a new constitution.
Key Figures
- Louis XIV said "I am the state," reflecting absolute power.
- His lavish lifestyle at Versailles symbolized the monarchy's excess.
- Louis XVI married Marie Antoinette of Austria for political reasons.
- Marie Antoinette was criticized for her extravagance.
- Maximilien Robespierre led the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror.
Key Events
- The 1791 Constitution shifted France to a constitutional monarchy with a Legislative Assembly.
- Louis XVI's reluctance to embrace change caused dissatisfaction.
- The Tennis Court Oath was a commitment to create a new constitution.
- Louis XVI was executed in 1793, ending the monarchy.
- France declared war on Austria in 1792.
- Marie Antoinette was executed.
- Robespierre was executed in 1794, ending the Reign of Terror.
- Revolutionaries stormed the Bastille on July 14, 1789, symbolizing popular power.
- Napoleon declared himself emperor in 1804, ending the revolution.
Old Regime and Social Structure
- The Old Regime divided France into three estates.
- The First Estate was the clergy.
- The Second Estate was the nobility.
- The Third Estate comprised 98% of the population, burdened with taxes and limited power.
Palace of Versailles
- Versailles symbolized Louis XIV's absolute power.
- It served as a royal residence and political center.
- The palace's excess angered the common people.
Reign of Terror and Committee of Public Safety
- The Committee of Public Safety was created in 1793 to protect the revolution.
- During the Reign of Terror (1793-1794), thousands were executed.
Declaration of Rights
- The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was a key document.
- It emphasized liberty, equality, and fraternity.
Later Instability
- The Directory was established in 1795.
- It was a weak, corrupt, five-member executive body which led to Napoleon's rise.
- The Women's March on Versailles in October 1789 demanded bread and reforms.
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