10 Questions
What was a major consequence of the failed wars of expansion against the British in North America?
The French lost a substantial amount of monetary resources, mainly paid by the common people.
What was the main goal of the Enlightenment movement?
To emphasize reason over superstition and prioritize science.
What was a major issue of representation during the Estates General meeting?
The Third Estate had 2-1 representation against the First and Second Estates.
What was the significance of the Tennis Court Oath?
It showed the Third Estate's commitment to reassembling until the country's foundations were properly constituted.
What was the outcome of the March on Versailles?
The exact outcome is not specified in the content.
What was the outcome of the event that occurred after 24 hours of violence, confrontation, and intimidation in 1789?
The overthrow of the French absolute monarchy system.
What was the main goal of the Reign of Terror led by Robespierre?
To purge the enemies of the revolution.
Who seized power in 1799 and established a dictatorship?
Napoleon
What is a key characteristic of a communist system?
No private ownership
Which of the following is an example of a capitalist economy?
Hong Kong
Study Notes
Causes of the French Revolution
- France was financially drained due to failed wars of expansion against the British in North America, resulting in a significant loss of monetary resources.
- The country was divided into regions with conflicting economic interests, leading to political instability.
- The Enlightenment movement emphasized reason over superstition, challenging religious ideas and rulership.
- The Resistance of the First and Second Estates to taxes led to an unfair burden on the Third Estate, who paid 98% of the taxes.
Major Events of the French Revolution
- The Estates General meeting highlighted the representation problem for the Third Estate, with the First and Second Estates holding 2-1 voting power.
- The Tennis Court Oath saw the Third Estate vow to continue meeting until the country's foundations were reformed.
- The Storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, demonstrated the power of the people to challenge the monarchy.
- The March on Versailles led to the overthrow of the French absolute monarchy system.
Key Outcomes of the French Revolution
- The Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen (August 1789) guaranteed liberty, equality, and fraternity, inspired by Enlightenment ideas.
- The abolition of the monarchy in September 1792 led to the establishment of the French Republic.
- The Reign of Terror, led by radical Jacobins, resulted in intense violence and executions by guillotine.
- Napoleon's seizure of power in 1799 established a dictatorship.
Significance of the French Revolution
- The revolution solidified the foundation of modern societies, where citizens are governed by a collection of legalized citizens.
- It established the principle of equality between governors and citizens, with governments accountable to the people.
Communism vs. Capitalism
- Communism: no private ownership, central government, no class distinction, production for basic needs.
- Capitalism: total private ownership, market forces, class distinction, production for profit.
Examples of Each System
- Communism:
- China: government-controlled manufacturing industry.
- Cuba: government-controlled healthcare.
- Vietnam: communist party in control.
- North Korea: government-controlled economy.
- Capitalism:
- Hong Kong: free market economy with low taxes.
- United Arab Emirates: highly developed economy with minimal government intervention.
- Australia: limited government involvement in the economy.
- Switzerland: strong free market economy.
Discover the key factors that led to the French Revolution. Learn about the failed wars of expansion, political instability, and economic troubles that shaped French history.
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