14 Questions
What was the primary responsibility of the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror?
Overseeing war efforts and internal security
Which event marked the end of the Reign of Terror?
The Thermidorian Reaction
What was the purpose of the Continental System implemented by Napoleon?
To disrupt British trade and commerce
What followed the fall of the Directory in 1799?
The Consulate and Napoleon's rise to power
What was the significance of the guillotine during the French Revolution?
It represented the radical phase of the Revolution
What was the primary goal of the Congress of Vienna?
To restore balance and settle territorial issues in Europe
What was the primary reason for the convening of the Estates-General in 1789?
To address the financial crisis
Which of the following groups formed the majority of the population in France before the Revolution?
Commoners
What was the significance of the Tennis Court Oath in 1789?
It was a pledge to continue meeting until a new constitution was established
What was the symbol of the uprising against tyranny during the French Revolution?
The Bastille
What was the period of panic and riot by peasants in the summer of 1789 fueled by?
Rumors of an aristocratic conspiracy against the Revolution
What was the core value of the French Revolution represented by the motto 'Liberty, Equality, Fraternity'?
The rights and freedoms of individuals
Who was the leading figure of the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror?
Maximilien Robespierre
What was the period from 1793 to 1794 during the Revolution when the ruling Jacobins employed severe measures?
The Reign of Terror
Study Notes
Ancien Régime
- Characterized by an absolute monarchy, feudal privileges for the nobility, and a rigid class system in France before the Revolution.
Estates-General
- An assembly representing the three estates (clergy, nobility, and commoners) of France.
- Called in 1789 for the first time since 1614 to address the financial crisis.
Third Estate
- Commoners of France, including peasants, urban workers, and the bourgeoisie (middle class).
- Formed the majority of the population.
National Assembly
- Formed by representatives of the Third Estate in June 1789.
- Aimed to draft a new constitution for France.
Tennis Court Oath
- A pledge made by the members of the National Assembly in 1789.
- Committed to continue meeting until they had established a new constitution for France.
Bastille
- A fortress-prison in Paris.
- Storming on July 14, 1789, marked the beginning of the Revolution and became a symbol of the uprising against tyranny.
Great Fear
- A period of panic and riot by peasants in the summer of 1789.
- Fueled by rumors of an aristocratic conspiracy against the Revolution.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
- Adopted in August 1789.
- Outlined the rights and freedoms of individuals.
Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
- The motto of the French Revolution.
- Represented the core values of the revolutionary movement.
Jacobins
- A radical political club during the French Revolution.
- Advocated for republicanism and played a significant role in the Reign of Terror.
Maximilien Robespierre
- A leading figure of the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror.
- Known for his radical policies and leadership of the Jacobins.
Reign of Terror
- A period from 1793 to 1794 during the Revolution.
- Characterized by severe measures, including mass executions, to purge enemies of the Revolution.
Committee of Public Safety
- The executive government during the Reign of Terror.
- Led by Robespierre and responsible for war efforts and internal security.
Guillotine
- A device used during the Revolution for carrying out executions by beheading.
- Symbolized the radical phase of the Revolution.
Thermidorian Reaction
- A counter-revolutionary movement in July 1794.
- Led to the fall of Robespierre and the end of the Reign of Terror.
Directory
- A five-member committee that governed France from 1795 to 1799.
- Characterized by corruption and political instability.
Napoleon Bonaparte
- A military general who rose to prominence during the Revolution.
- Eventually became Emperor of France, ending the revolutionary period.
Consulate
- The government established in 1799 after the fall of the Directory.
- Led to Napoleon's rise to power.
Continental System
- Napoleon's policy of economic blockade against Britain.
- Aimed to disrupt its trade by forbidding European nations from trading with the British.
Congress of Vienna
- The 1814-1815 conference of European powers.
- Settled the territorial and political issues arising from the Napoleonic Wars and restored balance in Europe.
Explore the social and political system of France before the Revolution, including the Estates-General and the structure of the Third Estate.
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