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Free Convection in Fluid Dynamics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of density gradients in heat transfer, leading to free convection currents?

Temperature gradients

What is the general difference between free convection flow velocities and those associated with forced convection?

Free convection flow velocities are generally much smaller than those associated with forced convection

In what type of situations do convection currents originate within the fluid, resulting in free convection?

When a body force acts on a fluid with density gradients

What is the general relationship between density and temperature in gases and liquids?

Density decreases with an increase in temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using free convection over forced convection in certain applications?

Minimizing heat transfer rates or operating cost Signup and view all the answers

How can free convection flows be classified?

According to whether the flow is bounded by a surface or freely flowing in the absence of an adjoining surface Signup and view all the answers

What are the two forms of free boundary flow in an extensive and quiescent fluid?

A plume (zero initial velocity) and a buoyant jet (finite initial velocity) Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of fluid motion if T > T on a heated vertical plate?

The heated fluid rises vertically, entraining fluid from the quiescent region. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Grashof number in free convection?

The Grashof number plays the same role in free convection that the Reynolds number plays in forced convection. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the conditions associated with forced convection and free convection?

In free convection, the flow is induced by buoyancy forces, whereas in forced convection, the flow is induced by external means. Signup and view all the answers

What is the form of the heat transfer correlations in free convection?

NuL = f(GrL, Pr) Signup and view all the answers

When can forced convection effects be neglected in free convection?

When GrL/ ReL2 > 1 Signup and view all the answers