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Questions and Answers
In balloon framing, where do the second floor joists rest?
In balloon framing, where do the second floor joists rest?
the ribbon
Typically, there is a double plate on the wall frame over which of the following?
Typically, there is a double plate on the wall frame over which of the following?
- Fireplace openings
- Doors
- Windows
- All of the above (correct)
Joists shall not be notched within which section of the span?
Joists shall not be notched within which section of the span?
within the middle 1/3 rd of the span
For nailing ceiling joists to the top plate, what is the minimum number of nails required?
For nailing ceiling joists to the top plate, what is the minimum number of nails required?
How many face nails are used to secure studs to either the top or bottom plates?
How many face nails are used to secure studs to either the top or bottom plates?
What is a bird's mouth?
What is a bird's mouth?
What is the lowest horizontal member of a truss called?
What is the lowest horizontal member of a truss called?
The deflection of floor joists should not exceed what measurement?
The deflection of floor joists should not exceed what measurement?
What is the minimum amount of bearing area if a joist is placed over a girder or sill plate?
What is the minimum amount of bearing area if a joist is placed over a girder or sill plate?
What is the minimum size nail to use when nailing a 1/2" x 4' x 8' wood structural panel sheeting on an exterior wall?
What is the minimum size nail to use when nailing a 1/2" x 4' x 8' wood structural panel sheeting on an exterior wall?
What is the minimum size rough framed attic access hole?
What is the minimum size rough framed attic access hole?
When framing for large openings in the floor, how should the joist and header be treated?
When framing for large openings in the floor, how should the joist and header be treated?
Fireblocking for enclosed stairs is required at which locations?
Fireblocking for enclosed stairs is required at which locations?
What is the minimum size lumber for a post or column?
What is the minimum size lumber for a post or column?
Joists shall be supported laterally at the ends by full depth solid blocking not less than 2" nominal thickness, or by attachment to a header, band or rim joist.
Joists shall be supported laterally at the ends by full depth solid blocking not less than 2" nominal thickness, or by attachment to a header, band or rim joist.
What type of framing method is being used if the studs run from the mudsill to the top plate of the second floor?
What type of framing method is being used if the studs run from the mudsill to the top plate of the second floor?
What is the minimum overlap in inches for joists resting on beams or girders if they do not run continuously?
What is the minimum overlap in inches for joists resting on beams or girders if they do not run continuously?
If joists are to be framed flush with the top of a wood girder, what should be used?
If joists are to be framed flush with the top of a wood girder, what should be used?
Where the wood wind braces cross each stud, how many nails should you use?
Where the wood wind braces cross each stud, how many nails should you use?
When notching or drilling a hole in the top plate of a load-bearing or exterior wall, what must you provide if the hole or notch exceeds 50% of the top plate's width?
When notching or drilling a hole in the top plate of a load-bearing or exterior wall, what must you provide if the hole or notch exceeds 50% of the top plate's width?
Holes drilled into floor joists for piping shall not exceed what proportion of the depth of the joist?
Holes drilled into floor joists for piping shall not exceed what proportion of the depth of the joist?
What is the name of short vertical wall framing members used below window openings?
What is the name of short vertical wall framing members used below window openings?
Holes bored in a single stud in exterior walls and bearing walls shall not exceed what percentage of the stud depth, and not be closer than what to the edge of the stud?
Holes bored in a single stud in exterior walls and bearing walls shall not exceed what percentage of the stud depth, and not be closer than what to the edge of the stud?
When making a wood girder using 2" lumber, how many nails should be used for each layer and how should the nails be spaced?
When making a wood girder using 2" lumber, how many nails should be used for each layer and how should the nails be spaced?
The bottom horizontal member of a wall frame in platform construction is called what?
The bottom horizontal member of a wall frame in platform construction is called what?
What is the horizontal member located at the top of a wall frame called?
What is the horizontal member located at the top of a wall frame called?
What is the purpose of a cricket?
What is the purpose of a cricket?
Let-in bracing must be installed at what angles?
Let-in bracing must be installed at what angles?
Rafters and floor joists should be installed with the crown in which direction?
Rafters and floor joists should be installed with the crown in which direction?
Deflection could be defined as what?
Deflection could be defined as what?
The required fastening for securing a sole plate to a joist or blocking at braced wall panels is?
The required fastening for securing a sole plate to a joist or blocking at braced wall panels is?
What is the first step in wall framing?
What is the first step in wall framing?
A sheet of plywood stamped 32/16 has a maximum span of what?
A sheet of plywood stamped 32/16 has a maximum span of what?
What is the minimum hall width in a single-family dwelling?
What is the minimum hall width in a single-family dwelling?
When installing wood joist blocking or bridging must be installed when?
When installing wood joist blocking or bridging must be installed when?
Floor joists running parallel to and supporting bearing walls shall be doubled. The blocking must be cut from the same size stock and spaced no more than what?
Floor joists running parallel to and supporting bearing walls shall be doubled. The blocking must be cut from the same size stock and spaced no more than what?
Studs (2x4) carrying roof loads only, may be spaced a maximum of what?
Studs (2x4) carrying roof loads only, may be spaced a maximum of what?
The double top plate on a wall is needed for which reasons?
The double top plate on a wall is needed for which reasons?
What is the maximum size hole that may be bored into a 12" floor joist?
What is the maximum size hole that may be bored into a 12" floor joist?
Floor joists should support the weight of the floor between which members?
Floor joists should support the weight of the floor between which members?
For a chimney that is 48" wide running parallel to the ridge of the roof, what must be the required height of the cricket?
For a chimney that is 48" wide running parallel to the ridge of the roof, what must be the required height of the cricket?
What is the maximum distance of purlins supported by braces?
What is the maximum distance of purlins supported by braces?
Floors in residential construction are engineered for a minimum of how many pounds per square foot?
Floors in residential construction are engineered for a minimum of how many pounds per square foot?
What is the horizontal framing member that prevents opposing rafter pairs from spreading apart?
What is the horizontal framing member that prevents opposing rafter pairs from spreading apart?
To determine the maximum span for a floor joist, one must know the spacing, grade, dimension, and what else?
To determine the maximum span for a floor joist, one must know the spacing, grade, dimension, and what else?
What does L/triangle (symbol) = 360 indicate at the top of span tables for floor joists?
What does L/triangle (symbol) = 360 indicate at the top of span tables for floor joists?
The lowest horizontal member of a stud wall frame is a what?
The lowest horizontal member of a stud wall frame is a what?
What is the minimum fastening requirement of the sole plate to joist or blocking at braced wall panels?
What is the minimum fastening requirement of the sole plate to joist or blocking at braced wall panels?
A king, jack, trimmer, and cripple are all what?
A king, jack, trimmer, and cripple are all what?
The lowest horizontal framing member fastened to the top of the foundation wall is a what?
The lowest horizontal framing member fastened to the top of the foundation wall is a what?
When using engineered wood products, which action is prohibited without permission?
When using engineered wood products, which action is prohibited without permission?
What is meant by the term dead load?
What is meant by the term dead load?
Weight that a floor, attic floor, balcony, deck, stairs, or railing system is designed to support is called what?
Weight that a floor, attic floor, balcony, deck, stairs, or railing system is designed to support is called what?
Rim joists are required to be fastened to the top plate by a minimum of what?
Rim joists are required to be fastened to the top plate by a minimum of what?
Joints in double top plates must be offset from a joint in the lower plate by at least what?
Joints in double top plates must be offset from a joint in the lower plate by at least what?
Openings in a roof, ceiling, or floor require approved hangers when a header is longer than how many feet?
Openings in a roof, ceiling, or floor require approved hangers when a header is longer than how many feet?
What is the minimum lap of floor joists over a bearing point?
What is the minimum lap of floor joists over a bearing point?
When framing an opening in a floor, an opening exceeding what measurement requires a doubled header and trimmer joist?
When framing an opening in a floor, an opening exceeding what measurement requires a doubled header and trimmer joist?
In a finished basement with a drop ceiling, if the area is 1700 square feet, how many draft stops are required?
In a finished basement with a drop ceiling, if the area is 1700 square feet, how many draft stops are required?
End joints of doubled top plates must be offset by a minimum of what?
End joints of doubled top plates must be offset by a minimum of what?
What is the maximum notch depth in the middle third of a rafter?
What is the maximum notch depth in the middle third of a rafter?
All of the following statements regarding the bearing of wood joists on walls or beams in a single-family dwelling are true except:
All of the following statements regarding the bearing of wood joists on walls or beams in a single-family dwelling are true except:
For a single-family dwelling, what is the minimum required number of anchor bolts in a 16' long sill plate?
For a single-family dwelling, what is the minimum required number of anchor bolts in a 16' long sill plate?
In a bedroom of a single-family dwelling, what is the maximum allowed span of a 2x10 floor joist, #2 Hem-Fir lumber spaced 16" o.c. with a dead load of 10 psf?
In a bedroom of a single-family dwelling, what is the maximum allowed span of a 2x10 floor joist, #2 Hem-Fir lumber spaced 16" o.c. with a dead load of 10 psf?
Which of the following is not allowed when notching a 12' long 2x12 floor joist in a single-family dwelling?
Which of the following is not allowed when notching a 12' long 2x12 floor joist in a single-family dwelling?
Sleepers and sills on a concrete slab are required to be pressure treated.
Sleepers and sills on a concrete slab are required to be pressure treated.
In a single-family dwelling, what is the fastening requirement for ceiling joists to the top plate?
In a single-family dwelling, what is the fastening requirement for ceiling joists to the top plate?
What is the required airspace for wood girders entering exterior masonry or concrete?
What is the required airspace for wood girders entering exterior masonry or concrete?
What is the maximum full allowed span of a 2x8 floor joist in a bedroom of a single-family dwelling with a ground snow load of 70 psf?
What is the maximum full allowed span of a 2x8 floor joist in a bedroom of a single-family dwelling with a ground snow load of 70 psf?
What is the maximum full depth blocking space of a joist under a bearing partition that is separated to allow installation of pipes in a single-family dwelling?
What is the maximum full depth blocking space of a joist under a bearing partition that is separated to allow installation of pipes in a single-family dwelling?
When are wood sills on a concrete exterior wall required to be made of approved durable or treated wood?
When are wood sills on a concrete exterior wall required to be made of approved durable or treated wood?
Balloon and platform framing have fire-blocking already built in.
Balloon and platform framing have fire-blocking already built in.
What is the required minimum distance for offsetting end joints between the top plate and the double top plate in a single-family dwelling?
What is the required minimum distance for offsetting end joints between the top plate and the double top plate in a single-family dwelling?
In a single-family dwelling, what is the maximum allowed cantilever span for a 2x10 floor joist spaced 16" o.c. supporting an exterior balcony?
In a single-family dwelling, what is the maximum allowed cantilever span for a 2x10 floor joist spaced 16" o.c. supporting an exterior balcony?
What is the framing member on each side of a window opening used to support the window header?
What is the framing member on each side of a window opening used to support the window header?
In a one or two-family dwelling, what is the proper method for fastening ceiling joists?
In a one or two-family dwelling, what is the proper method for fastening ceiling joists?
If a chimney is 48 inches wide and has a pitch of 6-12, what is the required height of the cricket?
If a chimney is 48 inches wide and has a pitch of 6-12, what is the required height of the cricket?
Buildings with combustible ceiling or roof construction must provide attic access when attic areas are how many square feet or larger?
Buildings with combustible ceiling or roof construction must provide attic access when attic areas are how many square feet or larger?
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Study Notes
Balloon Framing
- Second floor joists rest on the ribbon.
- Balloon framing includes studs extending from the mudsill to the top plate of the second floor.
Wall Framing
- A double plate on wall frames is placed over fireplaces, doors, and windows.
- Minimum fastening of sole plate to joist or blocking in braced wall panels is 3-16d nails at 16” o.c.
Joist and Rafter Regulations
- Joists cannot be notched within the middle third of the span.
- For ceiling joists to top plate, use at least three 8d nails.
- Minimum bearing area for joists over girders or sill plates is 1 1/2".
- Floor joist deflection must not exceed 1/360 of the span.
Nails and Fastening
- Minimum size nail for exterior wall sheeting is a 6d common nail.
- Rim joists require fastening to top plate with 8d nails at 6” o.c.
- For joist blocking or bridging, it’s required when joists exceed 2” x 12”.
Access Holes and Openings
- Minimum size for rough framed attic access is 22” x 30”.
- Floors exceeding a 4-foot opening require doubled headers and trimmer joists.
Fire and Safety Regulations
- Fireblocking for enclosed stairs needs to be at the top and bottom of each stair run.
- Buildings must provide attic access when attic areas are 30 square feet or larger with a vertical height of 30 inches or greater.
Studs and Blocking
- Short vertical wall framing members below window openings are called cripple studs.
- Maximum size hole bored in exterior walls is 40% of the stud depth, not closer than 5/8" to the edge.
General Framing Requirements
- End joints of double top plates must be offset by at least 24”.
- Joists resting on beams must overlap a minimum of 3 inches if not running continuously.
Engineering and Load Specifications
- Residential floors are designed for a minimum of 40 pounds per square foot, except for sleeping areas which can be at 30 lbs.
- The maximum allowed span of a 2x10 floor joist with certain specifications is 16' 10".
Special Structures
- A cricket is installed between the roof and a chimney.
- Collar ties prevent rafter pairs from spreading and assist in load distribution.
Miscellaneous
- All notching and boring of engineered wood products require manufacturer’s permission.
- Deflection refers to the sagging of structural members under load.
Construction Practices
- Fasteners must be positioned correctly based on spacing and lumber type.
- Sequential steps in wall framing prioritize laying out wall locations before cutting or assembly.
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