Fractions Basics

Study Notes

A fraction represents a part of a whole
Consists of a numerator (top number) and a denominator (bottom number)
Numerator tells you how many equal parts you have
Denominator tells you how many parts the whole is divided into
Examples: 1/2, 3/4, 2/3
Types of fractions:
- Proper fraction: numerator is less than the denominator (e.g. 1/2)
- Improper fraction: numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator (e.g. 3/2)
- Mixed number: a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction (e.g. 2 1/2)

Types of shapes:
- 2D shapes: flat shapes with length and width (e.g. square, circle, triangle)
- 3D shapes: shapes with length, width, and height (e.g. cube, sphere, pyramid)
Properties of shapes:
- Number of sides
- Number of corners
- Types of angles (e.g. acute, obtuse, right angles)
- Symmetry

Basic operations:
- Addition: combining two or more numbers to get a total
- Subtraction: finding the difference between two numbers
Rules:
- Commutative property: the order of numbers does not change the result
- Associative property: the order in which numbers are added or subtracted does not change the result
Examples:
- 2 + 3 = 5
- 5 - 2 = 3

Currency: the system of money used in a country
Coins and banknotes: different denominations of money
Converting between coins and banknotes:
- 1 coin = 100 smaller units (e.g. 1 dollar = 100 cents)
Basic operations with money:
- Addition: combining amounts of money
- Subtraction: finding the difference between amounts of money
Examples:
- 2 dollars + 50 cents = 2.50 dollars
- 5 dollars - 2 dollars = 3 dollars

A fraction is a way to show part of a whole
Consists of two parts: numerator (top number) and denominator (bottom number)
Numerator tells you how many equal parts you have, while denominator tells you how many parts the whole is divided into
Examples of fractions include 1/2, 3/4, and 2/3
There are three types of fractions: proper, improper, and mixed numbers
A proper fraction has a numerator less than the denominator, such as 1/2
An improper fraction has a numerator greater than or equal to the denominator, such as 3/2
A mixed number is a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction, such as 2 1/2

There are two main types of shapes: 2D and 3D
2D shapes are flat and have length and width, such as squares, circles, and triangles
3D shapes have length, width, and height, such as cubes, spheres, and pyramids
Properties of shapes include the number of sides, number of corners, and types of angles
Angles can be acute, obtuse, or right angles
Shapes can also have symmetry

Addition is combining two or more numbers to get a total
Subtraction is finding the difference between two numbers
The commutative property of addition and subtraction states that the order of numbers does not change the result
The associative property states that the order in which numbers are added or subtracted does not change the result
Examples of addition and subtraction include 2 + 3 = 5 and 5 - 2 = 3

Currency is the system of money used in a country
Coins and banknotes are different denominations of money
Coins can be converted to banknotes by dividing by 100, such as 1 dollar = 100 cents
Basic operations with money include addition and subtraction, such as combining amounts of money or finding the difference between amounts
Examples of money operations include 2 dollars + 50 cents = 2.50 dollars and 5 dollars - 2 dollars = 3 dollars