Untitled Quiz

Philippine History: Filipino Nationalism and Revolution

• GEED 02: Readings in Philippine History course, focusing on Filipino nationalism and revolution
• Prepared by: Angelu Jane I. Galicia, Instructor I
• Topics covered include the rise of Filipino consciousness, the Philippine revolution, lesson objectives, the Katipunan, the Propaganda Movement, Jose Rizal, and the 1896 revolution.

Rise of Filipino Consciousness

• Lesson Objectives: Define nationalism, identify factors contributing to Filipino nationalist consciousness, understand the role of propagandists, and evaluate the struggles of the forebearers to assert civil and political rights, as well as the country's sovereignty.
• 1872: Marked as the awakening of the Filipino people
• Social Contract Theory: Governments exist by the consent of the people, protecting rights and promoting society's common good. John Locke is seen as the "Father of Liberalism".
• French Revolution: Considered the "Mother of all Revolutions", evolving from an Absolute Monarchy to a Republic form of government.
• Philippine Government: Described as a Unitary Presidential Constitutional Republic.
• Political Instability: The clash between Absolute and Liberal forms of government.
• Rafael de Izquierdo: Representative of Absolute government, in conflict with Liberalism
• Carlos Maria Dela Torre: Representative of Liberalism, in conflict with Absolute government
• Cavite Mutiny (1872): An uprising due to the Spanish government removing benefits of Filipino workers at the arsenal.

The Propaganda Movement

• Peaceful Crusade: The Propaganda Movement was a peaceful campaign.
• Objectives: Equality before the law, assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of Spain, and restoration of Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes.
• Important Figures: Graciano Lopez Jaena, Jose Rizal, and Marcelo H. Del Pilar spearheaded this movement. Key publications such as La Solidaridad were instrumental.
• 2 Truths 1 Lie: This activity highlighted the movement's key goals in a unique format.
• Significance Beyond the Movement: A group of wealthy Filipinos who went to Spain to further their educations and pursue careers.

Jose Rizal

• Exceptional Character Qualities: Highly intelligent and refined, demonstrated in early writing
• Strong Work Ethic: Focused on both literature and formal academic pursuits.
• Uniquely Filipino Perspective: Affected by social injustices.
• Works: Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo, The Indolence of the Filipino, and Letter to the Women of Malolos, and The Philippines a Century Hence were instrumental in inspiring the revolution
• Study Time: Attended the University of Santo Tomas, studied medicine, and traveled internationally, mastering multiple languages.
• Significance to Revolution: A pivotal figure, his writings and sacrifices inspired and motivated the revolution.

The Katipunan

• Founded in 1892: A revolutionary organization
• Founders: Ladislao Diwa, Teodoro Plata, Andrés Bonifacio, Deodato Arellano, Valentin Diaz, Jose Dizon
• Objectives: Focused on gaining independence from Spain through revolution.
• Triangulo: A method of recruitment within the organization
• Important Figures: Deodato Arellano, Andrés Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Melchora Aquino (Tandang Sora), Gregoria de Jesus (Ka Oriang) and Teresa Magbanua (featured as Visayan Joan of Arc)

The 1896 Revolution

• August 19, 1896: Discovery of the Katipunan.
• Tejeros Convention (March 22, 1897): A contentious convention showcasing internal struggles and conflict between factions.
• Important Events: Cry of Pugadlawin/Balintawak - a critical spark, execution of Jose Rizal (December 30, 1896), Rizal's letter to Blumentritt
• Key Publications: Kalayaan, the official Katipunan newspaper
• Historical Significance: The turning point in Philippine history, leading to the ultimate Philippine Revolution.

Important Publications

• La Solidaridad
• Diariong Tagalog
• Kalayaan