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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the programming language that is considered as the base for other programming languages?

The C programming language is a middle-level language, meaning it combines both low-level and high-level programming features.

True

Which of these are keywords in the C programming language? (Select all that apply)

case (correct)

void (correct)

continue (correct)

char (correct)

else (correct)

if (correct)

int (correct)

switch (correct)

static (correct)

break (correct)

do (correct)

while (correct)

auto (correct)

for (correct)

float (correct)

extern (correct)

In C language, there are ______ classes of operators.

8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the mathematical formula used to calculate the area of a circle?

$πr^2$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the mathematical formula used to calculate the perimeter of a circle?

$2πr$ Signup and view all the answers

Documentation in C programs is always executed by the program.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pre-processing directive `#include <stdio.h>`?

To include the standard input/output library. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a standard output statement in C? (Select all that apply)

printf Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of constants in C?

Numeric and text. Signup and view all the answers

A set of statements together is called a program.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does the `main()` function in a C program signify?

The beginning of actual program execution. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following operators can be used on integer, float, double, and char? (Select all that apply)

unsigned Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the modulus operator (%) in C?

To get the remainder of a division. Signup and view all the answers

The conditional operator (?:) is also known as "ternary operator".

True Signup and view all the answers

The increment operator (++) is used to decrease the value of a variable by 1.

False Signup and view all the answers

The assignment operator (=) can only be used with a single operator in a C program.

False Signup and view all the answers

The address operator (&) is used to refer to the address of a memory location.

True Signup and view all the answers

Format specifiers are also known as datatype specifiers.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the escape sequence '\n' in a C program?

To insert a new line. Signup and view all the answers

What does precedence mean in the context of C operators?

The priority level of an operator. Signup and view all the answers

The `break` statement is used to terminate control statements, including `switch` and `loop` statements.

True Signup and view all the answers

Type conversion in C can be either automatic or implicit.

False Signup and view all the answers

A nested if statement is an if statement present inside another if statement.

True Signup and view all the answers

The `switch` statement is a branch control statement that functions similarly to an `else if` ladder.

True Signup and view all the answers

A `for` loop can have multiple initializations separated by commas.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a one-dimensional array and a two-dimensional array in C?

A one-dimensional array represents a linear sequence of elements, while a two-dimensional array organizes elements in rows and columns, resembling a table or matrix. Signup and view all the answers

A function which calls itself is known as a recursive function.

True Signup and view all the answers

In C, we can pass a 2D array as a argument to a function.

True Signup and view all the answers

The `struct` keyword is used to define a user-defined data type.

True Signup and view all the answers

We can use the `dot(.)` operator to access the members of a structure using a pointer.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the `typedef` keyword in C?

To create an alternate name for an existing data type. Signup and view all the answers

A pointer variable can hold the address of another memory location.

True Signup and view all the answers

In C, arrays are stored serially in either row-wise or column-wise order depending on the system.

False Signup and view all the answers

A pointer can be used as a function argument and also a function can return a pointer.

True Signup and view all the answers

Functions in C can be called in two ways: by value or by reference.

True Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to C Programming

C language was developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at AT&T Bell Labs, USA
It's a combination of B and BCPL languages
BCPL was developed by Richard Madrin in the 1960s
B was devloped by Ken Thompson in the 1960s
Used for creating system applications; interacting with hardware devices (e.g., drivers, kernels)
Forms the base for many other programming languages
Most modern programming languages use C syntax (e.g., C++, Java, C#)

Features of C Programming

Middle-level language; combines low-level and high-level features
High-level language uses simple English-like words (e.g., int x = 10)
Does not require specific memory allocation
Low-level language is similar to assembly language
Requires specific memory allocation

Data Types in C

Numerical data types: integer, float, double
Character data type: char
Variables for storing numerical or character information

Statements in C

A set of statements form a complete program
Used to create instructions for the computer

Basic Structure of a C Program

Documentation: Comments to explain the code
Link section: Includes external header files
Definition section: Defines symbolic constants (using #define)
Global Declarations: Variables declared at the top
Main program: Contains main function (the starting point)
- Local Declarations: Variables declared within a function
- Execution part: Instructions or statements within a function

Tokens in C Programming

Keywords
Identifiers
Operators
Constants
Special symbols

Keywords

Predefined words in C programming
Have specific meanings and cannot be used as identifiers

Identifiers

User-defined words
Create names for variables, functions, etc.
Have specific rules (e.g., must start with a letter or underscore, cannot be a keyword)

Operators

Used to perform operations on data

Special symbols

Used for various purposes in a program (e.g., brackets, braces, commas, semicolons)

Constants

Fixed values
Numeric constants; integer, real numbers, single characters
Text constants; string constants

Standard I/O Statements

printf(): Output data/messages to the console
scanf(): Input data from the console

Data Types

Basic data types: int, float, double, char
Derived data types: arrays, pointers
User-defined data types: structures, unions, enums, etc.

Operators, Arithmetic operations, Relational Operators

Arithmetic operators include (+, -, *, /, %); operations for finding quotients, remainders etc
Relational operators; (> ,< ,<== ,>= ,=> =); checking conditions
Examples: Finding the greatest among 2 nos, 3 nos, calculating the area of a circle

Conditional Operators, and Operators

Conditional expressions
Logical Operators (AND, OR, NOT) and examples of their use in expressions

Control Structures (if-else, switch)

Create branches in the program; execution depends on conditions
Conditional constructs like if, else if, else statements to select the executable path
Switch case statement to select alternative paths depending on the value of an expression

Loop Control Statements (while, do-while, for)

Used to execute a block of code repeatedly

Array and Pointers

One-dimensional arrays: store data of the same type contiguously
Two-dimensional arrays (matrices): tabular structure with rows and columns

Function Concepts

Function prototype declaration, including return types and arguments

Storage Classes

Auto, static, register, extern
Understanding scope, lifetime, and storage location of variables

Structures

Combining dissimilar data types into a single unit
Defining and using structures

String Handling

Functions for character handling
strlen (), strcmp (), strncpy (), strcpy (), strncat (), strcat(), string reverse etc
Functions for comparing and modifying strings

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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the programming language that is considered as the base for other programming languages?

The C programming language is a middle-level language, meaning it combines both low-level and high-level programming features.

Which of these are keywords in the C programming language? (Select all that apply)

In C language, there are ______ classes of operators.

What is the mathematical formula used to calculate the area of a circle?

What is the mathematical formula used to calculate the perimeter of a circle?

Documentation in C programs is always executed by the program.

What is the purpose of the pre-processing directive #include <stdio.h>?

Which of these is a standard output statement in C? (Select all that apply)

What are the two types of constants in C?

A set of statements together is called a program.

What does the main() function in a C program signify?

Which of the following operators can be used on integer, float, double, and char? (Select all that apply)

What is the purpose of the modulus operator (%) in C?

The conditional operator (?:) is also known as "ternary operator".

The increment operator (++) is used to decrease the value of a variable by 1.

The assignment operator (=) can only be used with a single operator in a C program.

The address operator (&) is used to refer to the address of a memory location.

Format specifiers are also known as datatype specifiers.

What is the purpose of the escape sequence '\n' in a C program?

What does precedence mean in the context of C operators?

The break statement is used to terminate control statements, including switch and loop statements.

Type conversion in C can be either automatic or implicit.

A nested if statement is an if statement present inside another if statement.

The switch statement is a branch control statement that functions similarly to an else if ladder.

A for loop can have multiple initializations separated by commas.

What is the difference between a one-dimensional array and a two-dimensional array in C?

A function which calls itself is known as a recursive function.

In C, we can pass a 2D array as a argument to a function.

The struct keyword is used to define a user-defined data type.

We can use the dot(.) operator to access the members of a structure using a pointer.

What is the purpose of the typedef keyword in C?

A pointer variable can hold the address of another memory location.

In C, arrays are stored serially in either row-wise or column-wise order depending on the system.

A pointer can be used as a function argument and also a function can return a pointer.

Functions in C can be called in two ways: by value or by reference.

Study Notes

Introduction to C Programming

Features of C Programming

Data Types in C

Statements in C

Basic Structure of a C Program

Tokens in C Programming

Keywords

Identifiers

Operators

Special symbols

Constants

Standard I/O Statements

Data Types

Operators, Arithmetic operations, Relational Operators

Conditional Operators, and Operators

Control Structures (if-else, switch)

Loop Control Statements (while, do-while, for)

Array and Pointers

Function Concepts

Storage Classes

Structures

String Handling

Studying That Suits You

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What is the purpose of the pre-processing directive `#include <stdio.h>`?

What does the `main()` function in a C program signify?

The `break` statement is used to terminate control statements, including `switch` and `loop` statements.

The `switch` statement is a branch control statement that functions similarly to an `else if` ladder.

A `for` loop can have multiple initializations separated by commas.

The `struct` keyword is used to define a user-defined data type.

We can use the `dot(.)` operator to access the members of a structure using a pointer.

What is the purpose of the `typedef` keyword in C?