Foundations of Political Philosophy: Key Questions

According to the Enlightenment Philosophers, what is the primary purpose of the society?

To establish a totalitarian regime
To promote the good of the individual (correct)
To create a communistic state
To protect the Common Good

What is the core idea of Collectivism in Thomas Aquinas' political philosophy?

The individual and society are equal
The individual is prior to the society
The state is superior to the individual
The society is prior to the individual (correct)

What is the primary goal of the Christian response to the individual-state debate?

To promote individualism
To avoid both Totalitarianism and Individualism (correct)
To create a communistic state
To establish a totalitarian regime

What is the key concept in Maritain's Personalism?

The human being is a Person with absolute dignity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What document did Christian Democrats defend in 1948?

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental concept in the philosophy of Hobbes and Rousseau?

The individual is prior to the society (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary criticism of Totalitarianism in the Christian response?

It prioritizes the state over the individual (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the phrase 'Society is for man and not vice versa'?

It prioritizes the individual over the society (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to Thomas Hobbes, what is the primary characteristic of a state without any government?

A state of constant danger and war of all against all (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Hobbes' and Rousseau's conceptions of creating a state from the 'state of nature'?

Hobbes believed in abandoning liberty to an absolute monarch, while Rousseau believed in a social contract that preserved liberty (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea of the modern concept of the 'state of nature'?

The idea that human beings are independent and self-sufficient individuals (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary question being addressed in the discussion of the 'state of nature'?

Is government something natural for human beings? (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is Aristotle's conception of human beings in relation to the state?

Human beings are 'political animals' and being in a state is their natural state (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of Aristotle's conception of human beings as 'political animals'?

There is no such thing as a 'state of nature' of the individual alone and independent (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for Aristotle's assertion that human beings are 'political animals'?

Because of their nature as rational animals (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern in determining the best form of government according to the text?

The purpose of government in general (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of Aristotle's classification of governments?

Virtuous rulers lead to good government (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between the 'state of nature' and the state of being in a government?

The presence or absence of individual freedom (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between ancient and modern perspectives on government?

Ancient Greeks relied on the virtues of the ruler, while modern times rely on the constitution (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental question underlying the debate about the best form of government?

What is the purpose of government? (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of Lorenzetti's Allegory of Good and Bad Government?

Government has a significant impact on citizens' lives (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying assumption of the question 'what is the best form of government?'

We can know which government is good (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern of the second question of political philosophy?

Why should we have a government at all? (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the virtues of the ruler and the quality of government?

The virtues of the ruler determine the quality of government (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument for updating Aristotle's views on the participation in the State?

Everyone with the same rational nature should have the same participation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle of Collectivism?

The individual is just a part of the society (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of Common Good in Aristotle's philosophy?

The good of the society as a whole (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main criticism of Aristotle's views on slavery and sexism?

He did not apply his principle of rational nature consistently (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the extreme form of collectivism mentioned in the text?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the book mentioned in the text that illustrates the concept of totalitarianism?

Darkness at Noon (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Individualism?

The good of the individual is the ultimate good (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Collectivism and Individualism?

Collectivism prioritizes the good of the society, while Individualism prioritizes the good of the individual (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the foundation of Maritain's personalism?

The Christian notion of Person (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary criticism of Maritain's personalism by some Catholic philosophers?

It is a form of liberal individualism (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central question in the context of updating Aristotle's philosophy?

What is the priority of the state or the individual? (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying assumption in the question of the universality of political government?

Human beings are by nature living in societies with governments (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of Maritain's personalism in relation to the flourishing of the individual?

The membership in a flourishing society (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the criticism of Maritain's personalism in relation to the common good?

It goes against the common good (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central issue in the debate between liberal individualism and Maritain's personalism?

The priority of the individual or the state (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ethnology in the context of updating Aristotle's philosophy?

It helps in understanding the universality of political government (D) Signup and view all the answers