92 Questions
What is the primary purpose of assessment in determining an individual's communicative abilities?
To identify the presence or absence of a disorder
What is the main goal of a screening process?
To determine whether an in-depth assessment is necessary
What is the primary concern of validity in psychometrics?
The extent to which the test measures what it claims to measure
What is the outcome of an assessment that determines the focus of treatment?
A diagnosis of a disorder
What is the purpose of psychometrics in assessment?
To measure human traits, abilities, and certain processes
What is the primary concern of standardization in psychometrics?
The administration of the test in a consistent manner
What is the primary concern of a test's validity?
Its ability to discriminate among individuals with and without certain traits
Which type of validity is concerned with whether a test measures a predetermined theoretical construct?
Construct validity
What is the main limitation of face validity?
It is based merely on appearance and not content or outcome
Which type of validity is established by comparing a test to a widely accepted standard?
Concurrent validity
What is the primary concern of a test's reliability?
Its consistency and freedom from error
Which type of reliability is concerned with a test's stability over time?
Test-retest reliability
What is the purpose of the split-half method of reliability?
To measure a test's internal consistency
What is the term used to describe the level of agreement among individuals rating a test?
Inter-rater reliability
What is the main difference between concurrent and predictive validity?
The time at which the measurement is taken
What is the purpose of establishing a basal in a test administration?
To establish a starting point for test administration and scoring
Why is it important to consider the test-retest interval?
To avoid learner effects
What is the purpose of establishing a test's reliability?
To ensure that the test is consistent and free from error
What does a scaled score allow the tester to do?
Compare the test-taker's abilities to the appropriate normative sample
What is the term used to describe the correlation coefficient of a test with a similar test?
Alternative form reliability
What does a percentile rank of 19 indicate about a test-taker's score?
The test-taker is scoring at or as well as 19% of the sample
What is the term used to describe the spread of numbers in a normal distribution?
Standard deviation
What is the purpose of a ceiling in a test administration?
To determine the ending point of the assessment
What is the difference between intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability?
Intra-rater reliability refers to the consistency of ratings within the same rater
What is the purpose of a stanine score?
To convert any test score to a single-digit score
What is the characteristic of a stanine score?
It is a whole number between 0 and 9
What is the primary purpose of a good assessment?
To make accurate recommendations
What is the significance of standardization in testing?
To reduce test-giver bias
What type of test is most commonly used for articulation and language disorders?
Norm-referenced test
What is the advantage of norm-referenced tests in terms of clinical experience?
Does not require high level of clinical experience
What is the limitation of norm-referenced tests in terms of cultural diversity?
They are not appropriate for culturally and linguistically diverse clients
What is the primary purpose of a criterion-referenced test?
To identify what a client can and cannot do compared to a predefined criterion
When would you choose to use a criterion-referenced test?
For neurogenic disorders
What is the benefit of using a variety of assessment modalities?
To increase the accuracy of the diagnosis
What is the importance of reviewing the assessment to determine impressions, diagnosis, prognosis, and recommendations?
To determine the course of treatment
What is the significance of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health?
It classifies disorders based on body structure and function
What is a limitation of standardized criterion-referenced tests?
They do not consider contributing factors
What is the primary advantage of authentic assessments?
They are natural and similar to the real world
What is the purpose of calculating chronological age?
To convert raw data into meaningful scores
What is the basal in a test?
The starting point for any test administration and scoring
Why may authentic assessments be less practical in some situations?
All of the above
What is the purpose of adjusting the age of premature infants and toddlers?
To take into account the gestational development missed
What is the main difference between standardized criterion-referenced tests and authentic assessments?
The level of standardization involved
What is the purpose of background information in the assessment process?
To provide information regarding the process of assessment
What is a characteristic of authentic assessments?
They place emphasis on contextualized test stimuli
What is the ceiling in a test?
The ending point of any assessment
The primary purpose of a screening is to determine the presence or absence of a disorder.
False
Validity is concerned with the extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure.
True
The outcome of an assessment determines the frequency of treatment.
True
A screen should take no less than 10 minutes to administer.
False
Psychometrics refers to the measurement of physical traits and abilities.
False
The primary purpose of assessment is to determine whether treatment is needed.
True
Face validity is a valuable measure of a test's validity because it is based on the actual content of the test.
False
Content validity is a type of validity that is established by comparing a test to a widely accepted standard.
False
A test with high construct validity is capable of measuring a predetermined theoretical construct.
True
Reliability is a type of validity that is concerned with a test's consistency and freedom from error.
False
Test-retest reliability is a type of reliability that is concerned with a test's internal consistency.
False
Criterion validity refers to the validity of a test based on the opinions of experts in the field.
False
A test with high concurrent validity is capable of predicting performance in another situation or at a later time.
False
Intra-rater reliability is a type of reliability that is concerned with the consistency of ratings between different examiners.
False
Alternate form reliability is a type of reliability that is concerned with the stability of a test over time.
False
Rater reliability is a type of reliability that is concerned with the consistency of ratings made by a single examiner.
False
Alternate form reliability is a type of reliability that is used to establish the stability of a test over time.
False
A stanine score is a type of score that is based on a normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.
False
The ceiling of a test is the starting point for any test administration and scoring.
False
Rater reliability is a type of reliability that is concerned with the correlation between two parallel forms of a test.
False
A raw score is a type of score that is used to compare the abilities of the test taker to the appropriate normative sample.
False
A percentile rank of 19 indicates that a test-taker's score is above the mean.
False
Standard deviation is a measure of how clustered numbers are.
False
Intra-rater reliability is a type of reliability that is concerned with the consistency of results between two or more raters.
False
A scaled score is a type of score that is used to determine the raw score of a test.
False
Inter-rater reliability is a type of reliability that is concerned with the stability of data recorded by one individual across two or more trials.
False
A good assessment only uses formal and informal testing to evaluate the client's communicative abilities.
False
Norm-referenced tests are preferred for culturally and linguistically diverse clients.
False
The purpose of a criterion-referenced test is to compare a client's performance to a normative group.
False
Standardization is not necessary for criterion-referenced tests.
True
A good assessment is only valid if it evaluates the intended skills.
False
The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health is used to identify the role of an SLP.
False
AshA's position on identification, diagnosis, and treatment includes counseling and advocacy.
True
A good assessment only provides a diagnosis and recommendations.
False
Norm-referenced tests are commonly used for neurogenic disorders.
False
A test manual should include the test's reliability and validity.
True
A standardized criterion-referenced test is typically used to evaluate a client's communication skills in a real-life setting.
False
Authentic assessments are always standardized and objective.
False
Chronological age is always used to calculate standardized scores for premature infants and toddlers.
False
The ceiling of a test is the starting point for any test administration and scoring.
False
Authentic assessments are preferred by insurance companies and school districts.
False
Background information is used to establish or maintain guidelines for the assessment process.
True
Systematic observations are a type of standardized criterion-referenced test.
False
The basal of a test is determined by the client's age and the examiner's manual.
True
Authentic assessments are always more efficient than standardized criterion-referenced tests.
False
A client's chronological age is always used to calculate their adjusted age.
False
Learn the basics of assessment in psychometrics, including why we assess, the importance of diagnosis, and how assessment outcomes determine the focus and structure of treatment. Discover the role of assessment in determining the presence or absence of a disorder and the frequency and length of treatment.
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