Foundation Types and Functions Quiz

True (A)

To transfer the load of a structure to the soil and distribute it effectively.

<p>shallow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spread footing = A type of foundation that distributes the weight of a structure over a wider area. Combined footing = A foundation that supports multiple columns, typically used when columns are close together. Raft Foundation = A large, continuous slab that supports the entire weight of a structure, often used when soil conditions are weak or uneven.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pile foundation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A stepped footing is a type of footing that has different widths at different levels. It is used to accommodate changes in the height of a wall or to distribute the load more evenly when the soil conditions vary in strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plastic piles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A footing that covers the entire area beneath a structure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pier foundations are more suitable when encountering decomposed rock or stiff clays, which can hinder the driving of piles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>box-like</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To compact loose granular soils, increasing their bearing capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>suitable bearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pier foundation = Large diameter cylindrical column Pile foundation = Driven or bored into the ground Well foundation = Box-like structure sunk to desired depth Caisson foundation = Large, hollow structure filled with sand</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>End bearing pile = Transfers load primarily through skin friction along the pile's length. Friction pile = Transfers load by bearing directly on a strong bedrock. Compaction pile = Used to improve the compaction of loose soil, not to directly carry a load. Combined end bearing and friction pile = Combines both end bearing and friction for load transfer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pile foundation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the allowable soil pressure is low, the building loads are heavy, or using spread footings would cover more than half the area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Geo-physical methods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transfer the load from a structure to the underlying soil or rock.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Net</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gross Pressure Intensity (q) = The minimum gross pressure intensity at the base of the foundation at which the soil fails in shear Net Pressure Intensity (qn) = Excess pressure after the construction of the structure Ultimate Bearing Capacity (qf) = Minimum net pressure intensity causing shear failure of soil Net Ultimate Bearing Capacity (qnf) = The maximum pressure which the soil can carry safely without risk of shear failures Net Safe Bearing Capacity (qns) = Net ultimate bearing capacity divided by a factor of safety Safe Bearing Capacity (qs) = Maximum pressure which the soil can carry safely without risk of shear failures Allowable Bearing Pressure (qa) = Net loading intensity at which neither the soil fails in shear nor there is excessive settlement detrimental to the structure in question</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To distribute the load from a wall or a continuous load uniformly over the underlying soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>bearing capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Determining the type of foundation needed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide reliable and detailed information about soil and ground water conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cheapest</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Open Excavation = Trial pits and soil inspection Sub-soil Exploration for New Structures = Determining bearing capacity Significant Depth = Depth causing perceptible settlement National Building Code = 1.5 times width of footing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.5a (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>W = q × B</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2/3</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple Strip Footing = Light Load Stepped Strip Footing = Heavy Load Isolated Footing = Column Support Pad Footing = Foundation Wide Area</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>n1 = 1/2 for lime concrete (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dmin = (B - T) / n</p> Signup and view all the answers

A combined footing covering the entire area, supporting all walls and columns.

Used when soil pressure is low, loads are heavy, or using spread footings is inefficient.

Footings connected by a beam, used when columns are far apart.

Foundations that extend deep into the ground including various types like pile and pier.

Vertical members that transfer loads to deeper, stable soil.

Transfer loads through soft soil to hard strata, ideal for heavy loads.

Transmits loads through skin friction along the pile length in granular soils.

Compact loose soils to increase bearing capacity but do not bear loads themselves.

Piles constructed by drilling holes in the ground and filling them with concrete.

Piles that are hammered into the ground by machinery.

A pier made of brick or concrete suitable for stable ground conditions.

Large, hollow structures sunk into the ground or water, used for deep foundations.

Foundations reduce load intensity, distribute loads evenly, and provide stability.

A good foundation sustains loads, prevents settlement, and resists soil movements.

Foundations where depth is equal to or less than width, suitable for lighter loads.

A type of shallow foundation that spreads the load over a larger area beneath walls or columns.

Foundation that supports two or more columns, either rectangular or trapezoidal in shape.

A single footing that supports only one column, maximizing load distribution at that point.

A special footing that distributes loads for structures with large spans, using a frame of beams.

The process of assessing soil conditions for new structures by determining foundation type, depth, bearing capacity, and groundwater levels.

To gather reliable information about soil and groundwater for safe foundation design.

Depth at which pressure increase may cause settlement, usually 1.5 to 2 times the loaded area width.

Techniques used to investigate soil, including open excavation and trial pits for sampling soil properties.

The level and position of groundwater that affects soil stability and foundation safety.

Total load applied on the base of the foundation per unit length.

The maximum pressure soil can handle to avoid failure.

A foundation type for light loads with high SBC, directly under walls.

Calculated as B = T + 2a, where 'a' is the projection on both sides.

Footing used for heavy loads when SBC is low, requires offsets.

The ratio of horizontal to vertical spread of load from footing.

The calculated depth based on load spread requirements.

Footing designed to transmit a column's load to the soil.

Techniques used to investigate subsurface soil properties.

A soil exploration method involving small hole drilling to collect samples.

Measuring soil resistance at various depths to assess penetration.

Explore deeper soil layers by detecting physical property differences.

The soil's ability to support the weight of structures.

Total pressure at foundation due to structure weight and earthfill.

Minimum pressure at which the soil fails in shear.

The maximum pressure soil can safely handle without failure.

Net loading intensity that avoids shear failure or excessive settlement.

Minimum depth of foundation calculated using Rankine's formula.