Forrest Classification Quiz

Forrest Classification Overview

• Forrest classification categorizes upper gastrointestinal bleeding based on endoscopic findings and bleeding risk.

Active Arterial Bleeding

• Classification Ia represents active arterial bleeding.

Active Oozing Bleeding

• Classification Ib indicates active oozing bleeding.

Visible Ulcer Types

• Classification IIa denotes a nonbleeding visible ulcer.
• Classification IIb is characterized by an adherent clot.
• Classification IIc features a flat pigmented spot.

Clean Base Ulcer

• Classification III signifies a clean base ulcer which indicates minimal bleeding risk.

Rebleeding Rates

• Class Ia and Ib have the highest rates of rebleeding, indicating severe bleeding status.
• Class III, with a clean ulcer base, exhibits only a 5% chance of rebleeding.

Treatment Protocols

• Class IIC requires no endotherapy, managed with oral proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).
• Class III also necessitates no endotherapy, treated solely with oral PPIs.
• Classes Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb are treated with endotherapy and intravenous (IV) PPIs.