Forms of Communication Styles

Speech Styles

• Formal style: used in very formal settings, does not require feedback from the audience, and has a fixed and static language structure. Examples: national pledge, anthem, school creeds, marriage ceremonies, and speeches for state ceremonies.
• Formal style (second type): used in speaking to medium to large groups, avoids slang, and has a relatively rigid language structure. Examples: meetings, speeches, school lessons, court, corporate meetings, and interviews.

Consultative Style

• Used in semi-formal communication, involves two-way participation, and has shorter and spontaneous sentences. Examples: regular conversations at schools, companies, group discussions, teacher-student, doctor-patient, and expert-apprentice.

Casual Style

• Used between friends, very relaxed, and focused on getting information out. Often uses slang and has an informal language structure. Examples: casual conversations with friends, family members, chats, phone calls, and messages.

Intimate Style

• Completely private language used within families or close friends, uses personal language codes, and does not need complete language structure. Examples: certain terms of endearment, slang, or expressions shared with a small subset of persons.

Purpose of Speech

• The general purpose of any speech is to Inform, Motivate/Persuade, or Entertain the audience.

Language Varieties

Creole

• Developed from a mixture of individual languages, has a unique structure, and is often used as a primary language in a particular place. Example: Chavacano.

Jargon

• Specialized language used by a particular group of professionals or specialists. Examples: AWOL (Absent Without Official Leave), G! (used by millennials), and Ctrl-Alt-Delete (used by computer experts).

Tower of Babel

• An origin myth explaining why people speak different languages, told in Genesis 11:1-9.

Idiolect

• Personal language use, unique to each individual, and serves as a symbol of their identity. Examples: Noli De Castro's "Magandang Gabi Bayan" and Kuya Kim Atienza's "Ang buhay ay weather weather lang".

Dialect

• Developed in a particular region, and is unique to that area. Examples: Tagalog = Bakit?, Batangas = Bakit ga?

Sociolect

• Temporary language variety used by a particular social group, influenced by socioeconomic status and gender. Examples: Repapis (friend), "Ala na aku datung eh" (Pare, wala na akong pera), and "Oh my God! It's so mainit naman dito" (Naku, ang init naman dito!).

Ethnolect

• Developed from the language of ethnic groups. Examples: Vakuul (used by Ivatans as a head covering during hot and rainy seasons).

Ecollect

• Often used within the home, and is a unique language variety. Examples: Palikuran (bathroom and toilet) and Silid tulugan o pahingahan (bedroom).

###Pidgin

• A language without a formal structure, used between two people who speak different languages, making do with makeshift words and phrases. Example: "Ako kita ganda babae" (I saw a beautiful woman).