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Questions and Answers
What is a common characteristic of acute pulmonary oedema?
What is a common characteristic of acute pulmonary oedema?
- Absence of peripheral oedema
- Only occurs during physical activity
- Gradual onset of breathing difficulties
- Sudden development of interstitial oedema in the lungs (correct)
Which symptoms are associated with predominant peripheral oedema?
Which symptoms are associated with predominant peripheral oedema?
- Severe coughing and rapid weight loss
- Increased cardiac output and normal urine output
- Swollen legs, abdomen, and elevated JVP (correct)
- Bradycardia and faintness
What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock in new heart failure presentations?
What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock in new heart failure presentations?
- STEMI (correct)
- Chronic hypertension
- Aortic dissection
- Acute pulmonary embolism
Which of the following statements is true regarding acute heart failure?
Which of the following statements is true regarding acute heart failure?
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What percentage of acute heart failure cases experience cardiogenic shock?
What percentage of acute heart failure cases experience cardiogenic shock?
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Study Notes
Forms of Acute Heart Failure
- Acute heart failure manifests in three primary forms: acute pulmonary edema, predominant peripheral edema, and cardiogenic shock.
Acute Pulmonary Oedema
- Characterized by sudden onset of interstitial edema in the lungs.
- Symptoms include severe dyspnea, which may develop abruptly or worsen after a period of mild dyspnea lasting days or weeks.
Predominant Peripheral Oedema
- Involves significant fluid retention leading to swollen extremities, abdomen, and scrotum.
- Associated with elevated jugular venous pressure (JVP) and possible pleural effusions.
Cardiogenic Shock
- Considered rare, occurring in 5-8% of acute heart failure cases.
- Commonly triggered by ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) or decompensation of chronic heart failure.
- Requires immediate intervention for effective management.
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