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Forms of Acute Heart Failure

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Questions and Answers

What is a common characteristic of acute pulmonary oedema?

Absence of peripheral oedema

Only occurs during physical activity

Gradual onset of breathing difficulties

Sudden development of interstitial oedema in the lungs (correct)

Which symptoms are associated with predominant peripheral oedema?

Severe coughing and rapid weight loss

Increased cardiac output and normal urine output

Swollen legs, abdomen, and elevated JVP (correct)

Bradycardia and faintness

What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock in new heart failure presentations?

STEMI (correct)

Chronic hypertension

Aortic dissection

Acute pulmonary embolism

Which of the following statements is true regarding acute heart failure?

<p>Acute heart failure can present in multiple forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of acute heart failure cases experience cardiogenic shock?

<p>5-8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Forms of Acute Heart Failure

Acute heart failure manifests in three primary forms: acute pulmonary edema, predominant peripheral edema, and cardiogenic shock.

Acute Pulmonary Oedema

Characterized by sudden onset of interstitial edema in the lungs.
Symptoms include severe dyspnea, which may develop abruptly or worsen after a period of mild dyspnea lasting days or weeks.

Predominant Peripheral Oedema

Involves significant fluid retention leading to swollen extremities, abdomen, and scrotum.
Associated with elevated jugular venous pressure (JVP) and possible pleural effusions.

Cardiogenic Shock

Considered rare, occurring in 5-8% of acute heart failure cases.
Commonly triggered by ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) or decompensation of chronic heart failure.
Requires immediate intervention for effective management.

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Description

This quiz explores the three main forms of acute heart failure: acute pulmonary edema, predominant peripheral edema, and cardiogenic shock. Each form has distinct symptoms and management requirements, making understanding them crucial for effective medical response.