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Questions and Answers
Who created the police force that later became the Royal Canadian Mounted Police?
Why was the North-West Mounted Police formed in 1873?
What was one of the requirements for volunteers to join the North-West Mounted Police?
What was the result of the merger in 1920?
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What area of land did the North-West Mounted Police patrol?
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What was the main goal of Clifford Sifton as the Minister of the Interior?
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What was the significance of the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway?
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Why did people migrate to Canada?
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What was the result of the immigration boom leading up to 1914?
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What was the significance of the Dominion Land Act of 1872?
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What was the condition to receive the deed of 65 hectares of land under the Dominion Land Act?
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What was the challenge faced by homesteaders?
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What happened to homesteading after World War I?
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Study Notes
The Creation of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
- John A. Macdonald created the police force that later became the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
- Established to maintain law and order in rapidly developing Western Canada
Purpose and Responsibilities
- Formed in 1873 to stop the illegal trafficking of whiskey in Western Canada
- Tasked with working with First Nations people and enforcing treaties between the Canadian government and First Nations groups
- Responsible for patrolling 6 million km2 of territory
Recruitment and Requirements
- Volunteers had to be males between the ages of 18-40
- Had to be able to read or write in either English or French
- Had to be good horsemen
Milestones
- Lieutenant Macleod executed the law and worked with First Nations people
- In 1920, the Northwest Mounted Police and the Dominion Police merged to become the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
- The RCMP still exists today, working closely with local police agencies to maintain law and order in Canadian society
Immigration to Canada
- Clifford Sifton, Minister of the Interior, aimed to attract European farmers to boost Canada's economic growth.
- John A. Macdonald's Conservative government prioritized immigration, facilitated by the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway.
Reasons for Immigration
- Economic opportunities drew people to Canada.
- Escaping religious and cultural oppression and persecution also motivated immigrants.
The Dominion Land Act
- Introduced in 1872, the act offered free and fertile land to settlers.
- Conditions included a $10 administrative fee, 65 hectares of land, and development of the land for farming within three years to receive the deed.
Immigration Boom
- The period leading up to 1914 saw significant Canadian population growth.
- Key industries emerged, including agriculture, mining, and oil, which remain important to Canada's international role.
Advertising Canada
- Clifford Sifton advertised Canada as a prime immigration destination, highlighting "free" land.
- Western Canada was promoted through government ads, attracting settlers with the promise of 65 hectares of land for a $10 registration fee.
Homesteading Challenges
- Homesteaders faced difficulties, including separation from families and friends, lack of roads and bridges, and extreme loneliness.
Homesteading Community
- As settlements grew, so did the sense of community.
- Homesteading declined after WWI, as immigration rates fell and people moved towards cities.
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Description
Learn about the formation of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, established to maintain law and order in Western Canada, and the requirements to join the force.
