Formation of Stars and Galaxies

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What is the primary factor that determined the composition of objects in the protoplanetary disk?

Amount of solar wind

Gravitational forces

Presence of static electricity

Distance from the Sun (correct)

What role did solar wind play in the formation of the solar system?

It had no effect on the formation of the solar system

It prevented the formation of ice giant planets

It drove lighter molecules toward the outer part of the protoplanetary disk (correct)

It helped to drive heavier molecules toward the inner part of the protoplanetary disk

What is the primary mechanism by which objects in the early solar system grew in size?

Electromagnetic attraction

Gravitational attraction

Accretion (correct)

Nuclear reactions

Which of the following is a characteristic of terrestrial planets?

They have rocky mantles and metal cores Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of static electricity in the early solar system?

To collect particles into fluffy clumps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Jovian and ice giant planets?

Their composition Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why near infrared light is used to view stars that would otherwise be hidden by dust?

To capture the heat from the stars Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of static electricity in the early stages of planetary formation?

It helps accumulate dust particles into loose clumps Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the disk that forms around a star during the planetary formation process?

Protoplanetary disk Signup and view all the answers

What do the dark rings in the protoplanetary disk represent?

Gaps where planets are forming Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which small particles come together to form larger bodies in the solar system?

Accretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the material that forms the protoplanetary disk?

Dust particles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the presence of dark rings in a protoplanetary disk?

Incipient planets are collecting dust and gas in their orbits Signup and view all the answers

What is the analogy in our own solar system for the dark rings in a protoplanetary disk?

Gaps in the rings of Saturn Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary composition of Jovian planets?

Hydrogen and helium Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of planets like Earth, Mercury, Venus, and Mars based on their composition?

Terrestrial planets Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of illustrating the protoplanetary disk surrounding HL Tauri?

To compare with the rings of Saturn Signup and view all the answers

What is the analogous phenomenon to the aurora shown in Figure 22.3.3 (lower left)?

Northern lights on Earth Signup and view all the answers