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Questions and Answers
What does sodium lose to become a sodium ion (Na+)?
How many electrons does chlorine atom require to complete its octet?
What charge does a sodium ion (Na+) have after losing an electron?
What type of bond forms between Na+ and Cl- ions in sodium chloride (NaCl)?
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What is the result when sodium and chlorine combine?
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What is the electron configuration of a sodium ion (Na+) after it loses an electron?
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How many protons are in a chlorine atom?
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What type of ions do not bear any charge in ionic compounds?
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What happens to the number of electrons in a chlorine atom when it gains one electron?
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What occurs in the first step of forming sodium chloride?
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Study Notes
Noble Gases and Stability
- Noble gases, except helium, possess 8 electrons in their outermost shell, achieving a stable electronic configuration.
- This stable octet means noble gases do not lose or gain electrons, existing in monoatomic form.
Electron Behavior in Metals and Non-metals
- Metals and non-metals lacking a complete octet strive for stability by either gaining or losing electrons.
Formation of Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
- Sodium (Na) has one electron in its outermost shell and loses it to achieve stability akin to noble gases.
- Upon losing an electron, sodium becomes a positively charged ion (Na+) with 10 electrons and 11 protons.
- The electron loss equation is: Na → Na+ + e-.
Chlorine Ion Formation
- Chlorine (Cl) has seven electrons in its outermost shell and requires one additional electron to complete its octet.
- Gaining an electron transforms chlorine into a negatively charged ion (Cl-) with 18 electrons and 17 protons.
- The electron gain equation is: Cl + e- → Cl-.
Ionic Bonding in NaCl
- The oppositely charged ions, Na+ and Cl-, attract each other through strong electrostatic forces, forming sodium chloride (NaCl).
- This bond is classified as an ionic bond.
- The ionic bond formation can be illustrated as: Na+ + Cl- → NaCl.
Characteristics of Ionic Compounds
- Ionic compounds exist as aggregates of oppositely charged ions rather than individual molecules.
- They are charge-neutral despite consisting of charged ions.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of sodium chloride formation and the stability of noble gases' electron configurations. It highlights the tendency of metals and non-metals to achieve octet stability through electron exchange. Test your understanding of these fundamental chemistry concepts.
