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Gr 9 NATURAL SCIENCES: CH 4.2 The rock cycle

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What is the process that breaks down rocks into smaller particles?

Weathering

What type of rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Igneous rocks

What is the process that transports sediments to new locations?

Erosion

What is the result of sediment compaction and cementation?

<p>Sedimentary rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rocks are formed from existing sedimentary or igneous rocks that undergo changes due to heat and pressure?

<p>Metamorphic rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs when sediments settle out of water or wind?

<p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the continuous rock cycle?

<p>Plate tectonics and the movement of water and wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of metamorphic rocks?

<p>They have been transformed from their original state</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the breaking down of rocks on the Earth's surface?

<p>Weathering</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that transforms solid rock into molten rock?

<p>Melting</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

<p>Igneous Rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of sediment or rock fragments from one location to another?

<p>Erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that settles or deposits sediment?

<p>Sedimentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight?

<p>Compaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments?

<p>Sedimentary Rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the continuous transformation of rocks in the rock cycle?

<p>Rocks are constantly being formed and transformed through various geological processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass?

<p>Cementation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is characterized by having layers and may contain fossils?

<p>Sedimentary Rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the processes of weathering, erosion, and deposition?

<p>The formation of sedimentary rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the transformation of sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks?

<p>Heat and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of igneous rocks?

<p>They are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the series of processes that repeat in a sequence?

<p>Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that drives the transformation of sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks?

<p>Heat and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the size of crystals in igneous rocks?

<p>Rate of cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the continuous rock cycle?

<p>Rocks of all types can be broken down and re-formed into new types of rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rocks can be formed from the compacted and cemented sediments?

<p>Sedimentary rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common process that occurs in the formation of both sedimentary and igneous rocks?

<p>Cooling and solidification</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

<p>Their crystal size</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to sediments that settle out of water or wind?

<p>They are compressed and cemented to form sedimentary rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate fate of rocks that undergo weathering and erosion?

<p>They can eventually form sedimentary rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that drives the transformation of rocks from one type to another in the rock cycle?

<p>Changes in temperature and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of sedimentary rocks?

<p>Layers and fossils</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight?

<p>Compaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the continuous rock cycle?

<p>The transformation of rocks into different types</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of rock?

<p>Mineral</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs when sediments settle out of water or wind?

<p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller particles?

<p>Weathering</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that drives the transformation of sedimentary rocks into igneous rocks?

<p>Plate tectonics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is not directly involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

<p>Metamorphism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes metamorphic rocks from sedimentary rocks?

<p>Crystalline structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of rocks can be formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava at the Earth's surface?

<p>Extrusive igneous rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why rocks are able to undergo continuous transformation in the rock cycle?

<p>Because of the constant movement of tectonic plates</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the size of the crystals in igneous rocks?

<p>The rate of cooling of the magma or lava</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process that drives the formation of sedimentary rocks from sediments?

<p>Compaction and cementation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate fate of rocks that undergo weathering and erosion?

<p>They are deposited as sediments</p> Signup and view all the answers

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