Questions and Answers
Name of the ionic compound formed from NH4 and CO3?
Ammonium carbonate
Empirical formula for the ionic compound formed from Na and CrO4?
Na2CrO4
Name of the ionic compound formed from K and CH3CO2?
Potassium acetate
Empirical formula for the ionic compound formed from chlorine and barium?
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Name of the compound formed from bromine and sulfur?
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Empirical formula for the ionic compound formed from sodium and sulfur?
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Empirical formula for the ionic compound formed from sodium and chlorine?
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Draw the Lewis dot diagram for a neutral atom of nitrogen.
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Cation and anion symbols for CrCl3?
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Cation and anion symbols for NiBr2?
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Cation and anion symbols for MnF4?
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Write the ground-state electron configuration for a neutral atom of chromium.
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Write the ground-state electron configuration for a neutral atom of manganese.
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Convert 5.38 K to degrees Celsius.
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The combination of xenon and radon forms an ionic compound.
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Two atoms of the same element satisfy the octet rule without additional modifications.
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Calculation: 10.80 mL − 5.977 mL = ?
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Calculation: 11.8 mL + 18.90 mL = ?
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Calculation: 10.50 mL + 3.9 mL = ?
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Study Notes
Ionic Compounds
- Ionic compounds can form from the combination of cations and anions.
- Example compounds include:
- From NH4 and CO3: Ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3
- From Na and CrO4: Sodium chromate Na2CrO4
- From K and CH3CO2: Potassium acetate KCH3CO2
Formation of Ionic Compounds
- Chlorine and barium form an ionic compound: BaCl2
- Bromine and sulfur do not form an ionic compound.
- Sodium and sulfur form an ionic compound: Na2S
- Sodium and chlorine form an ionic compound: NaCl
Lewis Dot Diagrams
- A neutral nitrogen atom has 5 valence electrons represented in a Lewis dot diagram.
Ionic Compound Components
- Identification of cations and anions:
- CoS: Co2+ and S2-
- MnF4: Mn4+ and F-
- NiBr2: Ni2+ and Br-
- CrCl3: Cr3+ and Cl-
Polyatomic Anions
- Common anions include:
- Sulfate: SO4^2-
- Iodate: IO3^-
Atomic Size Order
- Se, Br, Cl in decreasing size: Se^2-, Se, Br
- Cl, Br, F in decreasing size: Br, Cl, F
- Al, Ar, Si in decreasing size: Si, Al, Ar
Electron Configuration
- Helium electron configuration: 1s^2
- Ground-state electron configurations for specific elements:
- Chromium: [Ar] 4s^2 3d^5
- Manganese: [Ar] 4s^2 3d^5
Transition Metals
- A +3 cation with three outermost d electrons could be Cr (Chromium).
Molecular vs Ionic Compounds
- Pairs forming ionic compounds: Calcium and magnesium (CaMg), Lithium and sodium (LiNa).
- Pairs that do not form compounds include xenon and radon.
Lewis Structures
- Reasonableness of Lewis structures assessed based on valence electron count and octet rule satisfaction.
Polar Bonds
- Cl-C bonds: nonpolar
- Cl-F bond: Cl is more electronegative.
- The highlighted bond in several cases may be polar or nonpolar based on the atoms involved.
Measurement Conversions
- Measurement setup example: 0.080 m × ?s = cm
- Significant digits crucial in addition/subtraction of measurements.
Vanadium Superconductivity
- Vanadium becomes superconducting below 5.38 K, equivalent to approximately -267.77 °C.
Addition/Subtraction Validity
- Confirmed possible measurements and results must adhere to proper unit applicability, ensuring accurate calculations.
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Description
Learn about the formation of ionic compounds through examples of cations and anions combinations, including ammonium carbonate, sodium chromate, and potassium acetate.
