Forensic Science and Drug Effects Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of gunshot wound is characterized by having no exit wound?

  • Lacerating
  • Perforating
  • Penetrating (correct)
  • Incising

What defines the gauge of a shotgun?

  • The amount of gunpowder used
  • The length of the barrel
  • The number of lead balls fitting the bore diameter (correct)
  • The caliber of the bullet

What is a characteristic feature of rifled weapons?

  • They have a smooth bore
  • They impart spin for accuracy (correct)
  • They do not leave rifling marks on bullets
  • They are designed only for short-range shooting

What occurs during the contact range of fire?

<p>Materials driven into the wound create significant damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of ammunition is typically found at the distal end?

<p>Bullet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes intermediate range fire from distant range fire?

<p>Appearance of powder tattooing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of wounds can occur at a distant range of fire?

<p>No soot or tattooing, clean entry wounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of injury is referred to as 'drilling effect'?

<p>Mechanical shredding and crushing of tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common long-term risk associated with cannabis use?

<p>Cognitive decline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a psychological effect of hallucinogens?

<p>Altered perceptions of color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ingredient primarily provides the psychoactive effects of cannabis?

<p>THC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method of administration for heroin?

<p>Inhalation (B), Smoking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be a severe side effect of opioid use?

<p>Respiratory depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drug is MDMA classified as?

<p>Stimulant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main physiological symptoms experienced after taking amphetamines?

<p>Tachycardia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a common hallucinogen?

<p>Psilocybin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason a death certificate is required from a legal perspective?

<p>To establish inheritance rights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might the height measurement of a body be considered erroneous?

<p>Loss of water can lead to shrinkage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor may affect the weight measurement of a deceased body?

<p>Stage of decomposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not needed for external examination of a body?

<p>Social background (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the anterior fontanelle typically close in infants?

<p>18 to 24 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be a reason for collecting personal effects from a scene?

<p>To use them as evidence during criminal investigations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the ossification centers in children?

<p>They can provide an accurate age estimation until age 20 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In mass disasters, what is essential for identification by evidence?

<p>Direct line of enquiry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with alcohol withdrawal syndrome?

<p>Auditory and visual hallucinations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What substance is metabolized to formaldehyde and formic acid, leading to its toxic effects?

<p>Methyl alcohol (methanol) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of delirium tremens?

<p>Worsening symptoms at night (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is commonly used for patients experiencing delirium tremens?

<p>Benzodiazepines such as lorazepam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of chronic alcohol use on the liver?

<p>Fatty change (greasy liver) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cocaine primarily interferes with which neurotransmitter's reuptake?

<p>Dopamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of cocaine use?

<p>Euphoric effects and improved motor activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones-related issue can result from chronic alcohol use?

<p>Osteoporosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation on the donation of germ line cells?

<p>One donation is permitted only for one prospective parent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What form of compensation is permitted for oocyte donors?

<p>Donors can receive compensation for the costs of stimulation treatments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstance is the selection of sex in sperm cells allowed?

<p>In cases of sex-linked genetic illness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of cloning as stated?

<p>Attempting to create a genetically identical human being. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum amount of leave entitled to prospective parents engaged in medically assisted procreation?

<p>100 hours with 60 hours for one and 40 hours for the other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not permitted regarding human germ line cells?

<p>Artificial alteration of human germ line cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many processes of medically assisted procreation can the leave cover?

<p>Three processes at most. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for fetal death occurring before expulsion from the mother?

<p>Foetal death. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can a doctor with strong religious objections do regarding abortion?

<p>They can refuse to perform the abortion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered criminal abortion under Maltese law?

<p>The deliberate termination of a pregnancy outside legal provisions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT listed as a way to perform a termination of pregnancy?

<p>Surgical sterilization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are potential complications of abortion as listed?

<p>Hemorrhage and sepsis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When performing an abortion under legal provisions, how many specialists must be involved in the decision?

<p>Three specialists. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if an abortion is performed by someone other than a licensed health worker?

<p>Criminal action may be taken. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is specifically mentioned as blocking progesterone to halt fetal growth?

<p>Mifepristone. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a doctor do if a patient undergoes a self-administered abortion and subsequently passes away?

<p>Report it immediately. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Perforating Gunshot Wound

Gunshot wound with both an entry and exit wound.

Penetrating Gunshot Wound

Gunshot wound with only an entry wound, no exit.

Caliber

The diameter of a gun barrel measured between opposing lands.

Rifling

The grooves cut into the inside of a gun barrel to spin the bullet for accuracy.

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Gauge (Shotgun)

The number of solid lead balls with the same diameter as the bore.

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Rifling Marks

The distinct markings left on a bullet by the rifling of a gun barrel.

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Powder Tattooing

The mark left by soot and powder on the skin near the entrance of a gunshot wound.

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Range of Fire

The distance between the muzzle of a gun and the target at the time of firing, influencing wound characteristics.

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Fatty Liver

A condition where liver cells accumulate excess fat, often caused by excessive alcohol consumption.

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Nodular Cirrhosis

A serious liver disease characterized by scarring and damage to the liver, often due to chronic alcohol abuse.

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Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage from Varices

Bleeding from swollen blood vessels in the esophagus, a common complication of liver diseases like cirrhosis.

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Alcoholic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

A condition where the heart muscle weakens and enlarges, often caused by chronic alcohol abuse.

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Osteoporosis

A condition where bone density decreases, making bones more prone to fractures, often linked to excessive alcohol consumption.

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Delirium Tremens

A life-threatening syndrome characterized by intense confusion, hallucinations, tremors, and sweating, occurring during alcohol withdrawal.

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Methanol Poisoning

Poisoning caused by the ingestion of methanol, a toxic industrial solvent that can lead to blindness and brain damage.

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Cocaine

A highly addictive stimulant drug extracted from the coca plant, known for its euphoric effects.

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What is Cannabis?

A psychoactive drug derived from the Cannabis plant, with numerous active ingredients like THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and cannabidiol.

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What are Synthetic cannabinoids?

Synthetic cannabinoids are often sprayed onto cannabis to enhance its potency, leading to more intense effects.

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How is Cannabis consumed?

Cannabis can be consumed through smoking (joints), ingestion (eating), or other methods like oils, teas, or adding it to alcohol.

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What are the effects of Cannabis?

Cannabis can cause feelings of euphoria, altered perception, increased appetite, and impairment of short-term memory and balance.

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What are Hallucinogens?

Hallucinogens induce dissociative hallucinations, often at low doses. These drugs can alter perceptions of color, smell, and taste, leading to hallucinations, blurred vision, euphoria, and a loss of ego boundaries.

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What are some examples of Hallucinogens?

Common types of hallucinogens include PCP, LSD, Mescaline, Psilocybin, and Flakka. They can produce psychological and physical effects.

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What are Amphetamines?

Amphetamines are medications used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity. They are often abused as performance enhancers by athletes.

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What is Ecstasy?

Ecstasy (MDMA) and its derivatives like MDA and MDM are amphetamine derivatives that act as potent psychoactive stimulants. Commonly used at rave parties.

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Criminal Abortion

The deliberate termination of a pregnancy outside the legal provisions of the state.

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Surgical Abortion

A medical procedure used to terminate pregnancy. This includes vacuum aspiration, dilation and evacuation, medication-induced abortion, and other methods.

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Legal Abortion

Abortion performed by a qualified medical professional adhering to legal and ethical standards.

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Medical Abortion

A type of abortion involving the use of drugs to end a pregnancy, often through medication like mifepristone and misoprostol.

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Unskilled Abortion

Abortion carried out without the necessary medical expertise or in a way that risks the woman's health or safety.

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Life-Threatening Pregnancy

A medical condition where the mother's life is at immediate risk from continuing the pregnancy.

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Grave Jeopardy

A severe medical condition where the mother's health is in serious danger, potentially leading to death.

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Abortion Specialists

Medical professionals (obstetricians/gynecologists) who are authorized to perform legal abortions under specific conditions.

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Why are death certificates needed?

The need for death certificates extends beyond legal requirements, including aspects like social customs and statistical tracking.

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What information is collected at the scene of death?

Information gathered at the scene of death helps in identifying the deceased, understanding the circumstances, and determining the cause of death. This includes the body's position, belongings, and any trace evidence.

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What is an external examination in death investigation?

External examination involves observing physical characteristics like height, weight, build, age, and race. These features help in establishing the deceased's identity and providing initial insights into their health.

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Why can determining height be difficult after death?

Estimating height in a deceased individual can be challenging due to changes that occur after death. These changes include water loss, temporary lengthening in the initial stages of rigidity, and shortening during rigor mortis.

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Why can determining weight be difficult after death?

Weight estimation after death can be inaccurate due to changes associated with decomposition. The early stages can lead to increased weight, while later stages result in weight loss.

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How is age estimated after death?

Determining age after death relies on examining specific features. For infants and young children, the examination of fontanelles and ossification centers provides clues. In older children and young adults, the fusion of epiphyses helps determine age.

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What is the purpose of a death certificate?

Death certificates provide a record of the deceased's identity, circumstances of death, and cause of death, serving as a legal and historical document.

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What are the various purposes of a death certificate?

A death certificate is required for legal, social, and statistical purposes. Legal reasons include inheritance, legal claims, and criminal investigations. Social reasons include religious burial practices. Statistical reasons involve demographic tracking and analysis.

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Malta's Medically Assisted Procreation Act

A legal document that sets guidelines for medically assisted procreation in Malta.

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Early Access to Donor Gametes

An exception that allows access to donor gametes before legal age with the authority's permission.

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Donation Limitations

Limits the use of donated germ line cells to one donation per donor for only one prospective parent.

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Prohibition of Payment for Donating Services

Prohibits financial compensation for arranging donor services, with an exception for oocyte donors.

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Prohibition of Sex Selection

Prohibits the selection of sex in sperm cells, except in cases of sex-linked genetic illness.

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Prohibition of Human Cloning

Prohibits the creation of a human being genetically identical to another.

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Prohibition of Germ Line Cell Alteration

Prohibits any alteration of human germ line cells that can be passed on to future generations.

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Prohibition of Human Embryo Experimentation

Prohibits any experimentation on human embryos.

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Description

Test your knowledge on gunshot wounds, firearm mechanisms, and the effects of various drugs. This quiz covers important characteristics of different weapons and the psychological and physiological impacts of substances like cannabis, heroin, and hallucinogens. Challenge your understanding of forensic science and drug use.

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