40 Questions
What forecasting technique is a statistical technique tying aviation demand to enplanements, population, and income levels?
Regression Analysis
What is Trend Analysis and Extrapolation?
A technique that uses the historical pattern of aviation activity to project future trends.
What is Market Share Analysis in the context of the aviation industry?
A technique that assumes a top-down relationship among national, regional, state and local forecasts
What forecasting technique is a statistical technique applied to historical data focused more on the airport's recent trends and conditions?
Exponential Smoothing
What is the Annual Service Volume as determined by aircraft mix, and the number of hourly and annual flight operations?
Airfield Capacity Analysis
What's implementation means changes to traditional aircraft flight patterns, an increase in noise complaints from areas that traditionally have not complained about noise, and additional airport capacity effects?
NextGen
What kind of aircraft, such as the Airbus A380, may cause many airports to make design and operational modifications?
Very Large Jets
What aviation security machines are more effective at spotting threats but may also take up more space?
Computerized Tomography
The evaluation of "peak hour demand" is based on what?
The peak hour of the peak month’s average day
What address all of the airport's planned capital projects to ensure that adequate fiscal, staff, scheduling and other resources are available?
Facilities Implementation Plan
What represents the operations and maintenance (O&M) costs to the airport operator, as capital projects are constructed?
Financial Feasibility Analysis
What includes runways, taxiways, and other airport areas that are used for taxiing, takeoff and landing of aircraft?
Movement Areas
What areas of an airport typically include loading ramps, aircraft parking aprons, and unpaved areas?
Non-Movement Areas
What includes all portions of the airport designed and used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of aircraft?
Air Operations Area
What is typically the largest air carrier aircraft or the largest transient aircraft using the airport more than 500 times per year?
Design Aircraft
What takes into account the approach category (speed) and airplane design group (wingspan or tail height), and whether the runway has an instrument approach?
Runway Design Code
What translates into time and distance factors that identify criteria for runway length, visibility requirements, and navigational approach aids?
Approach speed
Under what conditions should the runways accommodate up to 99 light aircraft operations per hour?
Visual Flight Rules
Under what conditions should the runways accommodate between 42 to 53 operations per hour?
Instrument Flight Rules
To ensure water runoff, runways typically have what grade?
1.0 to 1.5 percent
What is the beginning portion of a runway that is available for landing or takeoff?
Runway Threshold
Runway Safety Areas have a full-width range of what?
120-500 feet
Taxiway Safety Areas have a full-width range of what?
49 to 262 feet
What is a trapezoidal-shaped area located off the runway ends that is designed to enhance the protection of people and property on the ground?
Runway Protection Zone
The Runway Protection Zone can vary in length from what?
1,000 to 2,500 feet
What is a ground area based on the runway, taxiway or taxilane centerline that enhances aircraft safety?
Obstacle-Free Area
What is the airspace above the runway elevation at any point but below the 150-foot floor of the horizontal surface area under Part 77?
Obstacle-Free Zone
The Obstacle-Free Zone extends how far beyond the runway?
200 feet
What identifies the suitable building area locations on airports?
Building Restriction Line
What is the area formed by imaginary lines connecting two different runways' visibility points?
Runway Visibility Zones
What is the location of the latitude and longitude that defines the geometric center of an airport's runways?
Airport Reference Point
A large airplane is certificated for maximum takeoff weights of what?
More than 12,500 pounds
What is the area beyond the departure end of the runway used to support and minimize damage to an airplane in the event of an overrun?
Stopway
What is the rectangular area off the departure end of a runway suitable for calculating aircraft takeoff performance?
Clearway
What is the defined path located in the Movement Area that is used for aircraft to move from one point on an airport to another?
Taxiway
What is the portion of a ramp used for access between taxiways and aircraft parking positions?
Taxilane
What concept means a pilot should be presented with no more than three choices at an intersection — ideally, left, right, and straight ahead?
Three-node concept
What is the process where the aircraft arrives and departs the gate under its own power?
Power-in/power-out
What is the process when an aircraft uses its own power to park, then, when ready to depart, is pushed back by until the aircraft has adequate maneuvering room and won't impact the terminal building with jet blast?
Power-in, push-back
Critical characteristics of ________ include capacity, layout, efficiency, flexibility, safety, and hangar locations
Apron Design
Study Notes
Forecasting Techniques
- Multiple Regression Analysis: a statistical technique tying aviation demand to enplanements, population, and income levels.
- Trend Analysis and Extrapolation: a method that uses historical data to forecast future trends.
Market Analysis
- Market Share Analysis: a technique used in the aviation industry to analyze the market share of airlines.
Airport Operations
- Annual Service Volume: determined by aircraft mix, and the number of hourly and annual flight operations.
- Peak Hour Demand: based on the evaluation of the maximum number of passengers during a specific hour.
- Capital Improvement Program: ensures that adequate fiscal, staff, scheduling, and other resources are available for planned capital projects.
- Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Costs: represent the costs to the airport operator as capital projects are constructed.
Airport Infrastructure
- Airfield Pavement: includes runways, taxiways, and other areas used for taxiing, takeoff, and landing of aircraft.
- Apron Areas: typically include loading ramps, aircraft parking aprons, and unpaved areas.
- Aircraft Operating Areas: include all portions of the airport designed and used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of aircraft.
Aircraft Characteristics
- Design Aircraft: typically the largest air carrier aircraft or the largest transient aircraft using the airport more than 500 times per year.
- Aircraft Approach Category: takes into account the approach category (speed) and airplane design group (wingspan or tail height), and whether the runway has an instrument approach.
Runway Design
- Runway Length: determined by factors such as approach category and airplane design group.
- Runway Safety Areas: have a full-width range of 300-400 feet.
- Taxiway Safety Areas: have a full-width range of 150-200 feet.
- Runway Protection Zone: a trapezoidal-shaped area located off the runway ends that enhances protection of people and property on the ground, varies in length from 600-1,000 feet.
- Obstacle-Free Zone: extends 1,000 feet beyond the runway.
- Runway Grade: typically 1.5% to ensure water runoff.
Air Traffic Management
- Movement Area: the area used for aircraft to move from one point on an airport to another.
- Ramp Access: the portion of a ramp used for access between taxiways and aircraft parking positions.
- Gate Holding: a concept where a pilot should be presented with no more than three choices at an intersection — ideally, left, right, and straight ahead.
Aircraft Handling
- Self-Handling: the process where the aircraft arrives and departs the gate under its own power.
- Power-In, Power-Out (PIPO): the process when an aircraft uses its own power to park, then, when ready to depart, is pushed back by until the aircraft has adequate maneuvering room and won't impact the terminal building with jet blast.
Aircraft and Airport Characteristics
- Critical characteristics of hangars include capacity, layout, efficiency, flexibility, safety, and hangar locations.
- Large airplanes are certificated for maximum takeoff weights of over 150,000 pounds.
- Blast Pads: the area beyond the departure end of the runway used to support and minimize damage to an airplane in the event of an overrun.
- Clearway: the rectangular area off the departure end of a runway suitable for calculating aircraft takeoff performance.
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