Forces and Motion
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Questions and Answers

A book rests on a table. Which force opposes the gravitational force acting on the book?

  • Sliding friction between the book and the table.
  • Fluid friction from the air surrounding the book.
  • The normal force exerted by the table on the book. (correct)
  • Static friction preventing the book from sliding off the table.

Two objects with different masses are dropped simultaneously from the same height in a vacuum. What can be said about their acceleration?

  • The object with greater mass experiences greater acceleration.
  • The object with less mass experiences greater acceleration.
  • The acceleration depends on the shape and size of the objects.
  • Both objects experience the same acceleration due to gravity. (correct)

How would increasing the distance between two objects affect the gravitational force between them?

  • The gravitational force would decrease linearly.
  • The gravitational force would increase linearly.
  • The gravitational force would increase exponentially.
  • The gravitational force would decrease. (correct)

A box is being pushed across a rough floor. What type of friction primarily opposes its motion?

<p>Sliding friction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A car is travelling at a constant velocity on a straight, level road. Which of the following statements must be true regarding the forces acting on the car?

<p>The net force acting on the car is zero. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A skydiver is falling through the air before opening their parachute. Which type of friction is primarily acting upon them?

<p>Fluid friction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An astronaut has a mass of 70 kg on Earth. What will their mass be on the Moon?

<p>70 kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations involves static friction?

<p>A book sitting motionless on a desk. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Force

A push or pull on an object, measured in newtons (N).

Contact Force

A force that requires direct contact between objects.

Non-Contact Force

A force that acts between objects without direct contact.

Friction

A force that resists the motion of two touching objects.

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Static Friction

Friction that prevents objects from initially moving.

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Sliding Friction

Friction that opposes the motion of objects sliding past each other.

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Gravity

Attractive force between all objects with mass.

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Weight

The amount of gravitational force exerted on an object, measured in newtons.

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Study Notes

  • Forces can change the motion of an object

Gravity & Friction

  • Essential questions include contact and non-contact forces, the law of universal gravitation, and how friction affects the motion of sliding objects

Types of Forces

  • Force: A push or a pull on an object
  • Forces are measured in newtons (N)

Contact Force

  • A push or pull on one object by another that is touching it
  • Examples: pushing a container, pressing on computer keys, friction

Non-Contact Force

  • A push or a pull on one object by another without touching it
  • Examples: gravity, magnetic force

Types of Friction

  • Friction: A force that resists the motion of two objects that are touching

Static Friction

  • Prevents objects from sliding past each other

Sliding Friction

  • Opposes the motion of objects sliding past each other

Fluid Friction

  • Friction between a surface and a fluid such as water or air (air resistance).

Static Friction vs. Sliding Friction

  • Net force = 0N in static friction because the object is not moving
  • Net force is not 0N in sliding friction because the object is moving

Gravity, Mass and Distance

  • Gravity: An attractive force that exists between all objects that have mass
  • Mass: Amount of matter in an object
  • The more the mass, the more the gravitational pull
  • The greater the distance, the less gravitational pull

Weight vs. Mass

  • Weight: The amount of gravitational force exerted on an object: Weight is measured in Newtons
  • If an astronaut weighs 539N and has a mass of 55kg on Earth, on the moon their weight would be less

Electrical Force

  • Static Charge: An unbalance of positive or negative charge on an object
  • Opposite charges attract each other
  • Like charges repel each other

Variables that Affect Electric Charge

  • Amount of charge influences electrical force: The more charge, the greater the electrical force
  • Distance influences electrical force: The more distance, the less electrical force

Magnetic Force

  • Magnet: An object that attracts metal iron
  • Magnetic Pole: The place on a magnet where the force applied is the strongest
  • Opposite poles attract each other
  • The same poles repel each other

Variables that Affect Magnetic Strength

  • Size of magnet is a factor
  • Distance the magnets are apart: The further away the magnets, the weaker the magnetic force

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Description

Explore forces and motion, including contact and non-contact forces like gravity and friction. Learn about static, sliding, and fluid friction, and how they affect an object's motion. Understand the difference between static and sliding friction.

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