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Questions and Answers
Explain how the efficiency of a machine, such as a ramp, is affected by friction, and describe a method to minimize its impact.
Explain how the efficiency of a machine, such as a ramp, is affected by friction, and describe a method to minimize its impact.
Friction reduces efficiency by converting some input energy into heat/sound instead of useful work. To minimize this impact, use lubricants to reduce friction.
A lever with a mechanical advantage greater than 1 requires less effort to move a load. How does increasing the distance from the fulcrum to the point where effort is applied affect the mechanical advantage, and what are the trade-offs to consider?
A lever with a mechanical advantage greater than 1 requires less effort to move a load. How does increasing the distance from the fulcrum to the point where effort is applied affect the mechanical advantage, and what are the trade-offs to consider?
Increasing effort arm length increases mechanical advantage, but also increases the distance you must move the effort to achieve the same load displacement. The trade-off is ease of use versus the amount of work you have to do.
Describe a scenario where the kinetic energy of an object is transformed into another form of energy, detailing the energy conversion process and any resulting byproducts.
Describe a scenario where the kinetic energy of an object is transformed into another form of energy, detailing the energy conversion process and any resulting byproducts.
A car braking converts kinetic energy into thermal energy through friction in the brakes. The brake pads press against the rotors, slowing the car and generating heat.
Explain how the concepts of gravity, friction, elasticity and electricity interact in the function of a pogo stick.
Explain how the concepts of gravity, friction, elasticity and electricity interact in the function of a pogo stick.
Analyze the energy transformations involved when using a simple machine like a pulley system to lift a heavy object, and explain how energy conservation applies in this context.
Analyze the energy transformations involved when using a simple machine like a pulley system to lift a heavy object, and explain how energy conservation applies in this context.
Flashcards
Hydro Energy
Hydro Energy
Energy from moving water.
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy
The energy an object possesses due to its motion.
Fulcrum
Fulcrum
The point on a lever that acts as a pivot.
Wedge
Wedge
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Pulley
Pulley
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Study Notes
- The worksheet covers the topics of force, energy, and machines
Energy
- Moving water obtains hydro energy
- A moving car possesses kinetic energy
Levers
- The effort is the point on a lever where force is applied
- A nutcracker is an example of a class I lever
- Frictional force can slow down or stop the movement of an object
Wedges
- The axe is a type of wedge
Pulleys
- Inclined plane assist to lift heavy objects
True or False
- The pointed end of a needle is not a pulley
- A force applied in the opposite direction to a moving object can stop it
- Scissors are not Class II levers
Odd One Out
- Pliers is the odd one out: Screw, Wedge, Ramp, Pliers
- Friction is the odd one out: Light, Heat, Sound, Friction
- Elasticity is the odd one out: Gravity, Friction, Electricity, Elasticity
- Crane is the odd one out: Lever, Crane, Pulley, Wedge
- Beam balance is the odd one out: Beam balance, Nutcracker, Wheel barrow, Stapler
Fill in the Blanks
- The force exerted by a machine is called mechanical force
- The Earth pulls everything towards itself with gravitational force
- Friction makes it difficult to move heavy things across the floor
- A magnet attracts metal such as iron
- Use muscular force while pushing any object with a hand
Matching
- Muscular force matches with kicking a ball
- Elastic force matches with rubber band
- Magnetic force matches with compass
- Frictional force matches with rubbing hands together
- Mechanical force matches with crane
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