Foot and Knee Conditions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the medical term for a foot that points both downwards and inwards?

Equinovarus

What is the term for a foot with an excessively high arch?

Pes cavus

What is the term for lateral deviation of the big toe?

Hallux valgus

What is the characteristic deformity in clubfoot?

<p>Cavus, adductus, varus, and equinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for clubfoot?

<p>Nonoperative: Ponseti method of serial manipulation and casting; Operative: posteromedial soft tissue release and tendon lengthening, ring fixator application and gradual correction, arthrodesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for hallux valgus?

<p>Nonoperative: shoe modification/pads/spacers/orthoses; Operative: surgical correction with soft tissue procedure or osteotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of claw toe?

<p>Overlapping of the affected digit with another digit</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for a foot that points downwards and inwards?

<p>Equinovarus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a foot with an excessively high arch?

<p>Pes cavus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a foot with a flattened longitudinal arch?

<p>Pes planovalgus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for lateral deviation of the big toe?

<p>Hallux valgus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the shape of a horse's foot?

<p>Talipes equinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for fixed dorsiflexion at the ankle?

<p>Calcaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the normal neutral position of the foot?

<p>Plantigrade</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a dropped metatarsal arch?

<p>Anterior flat-foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic deformity in congenital talipes equinovarus?

<p>Curved foot downwards and inwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the possible causes of congenital talipes equinovarus?

<p>Unknown cause, chromosomal defect, embryonic event</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the male to female ratio in clubfoot cases?

<p>2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of the characteristic deformity in clubfoot?

<p>Cavus, Adductus, Varus, Equinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the physical examination findings in pes cavus?

<p>Highly arched foot and toes drawn up into a 'clawed' position</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Coleman block test used for in pes cavus?

<p>To evaluate the flexibility of hindfoot deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common risk factors for hallux valgus?

<p>Genetic predisposition, Rheumatoid arthritis, Shoes with high heel and narrow toe box</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the radiographic measurements used in diagnosing hallux valgus?

<p>Hallux valgus (HVA), Intermetatarsal angle (IMA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common age group affected by hallux rigidus?

<p>Females in the 5th and 6th decade of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of hallux rigidus?

<p>Pain, loss of motion, swelling, dorsal prominence over the MTP joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the differences between claw toe, hammer toe, and mallet toe?

<p>Claw toe: DIP Flexion, PIP Flexion, MTP Hyperextension; Hammer toe: DIP Flexion, PIP Flexion, MTP Normal; Mallet toe: DIP Normal, PIP Flexion, MTP Normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for overlapping toe?

<p>Passive stretching, buddy taping, surgery if nonoperative treatment fails</p> Signup and view all the answers

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