T2 L12: Introduction to surgery of the foot and ankle (NHo)

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Which artery supplies the midsection of the Achilles tendon?

Peroneal artery (correct)

Anterior tibial artery

Posterior tibial artery

Sural artery

What is the surgical treatment for Achilles rupture?

End to end repair

Functional bracing

VY advancement

Tendon transfer (correct)

Which position is the patient in during the surgical approach to the Achilles tendon?

Supine

Lateral

Prone (correct)

Sitting

What is the principal action of the Tibialis Posterior tendon?

Inverts the foot Signup and view all the answers

What are the presenting symptoms of Tibialis Posterior Insufficiency?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical treatment for Tibialis Posterior Insufficiency?

Reconstruction (tendon transfer) Signup and view all the answers

Which tendon is used for the transfer in Tibialis Posterior Dysfunction?

Flexor Hallucis Longus Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical approach for the Tibialis Posterior tendon?

Supine Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical management for ankle arthritis?

Arthrodesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical approach for ankle arthrodesis?

Supine Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament is commonly injured in ankle sprains?

Anterior talofibular (ATFL) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the anterior drawer test?

To assess ankle stability Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended initial treatment for acute lateral ligament sprains?

RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) Signup and view all the answers

What is the sulcus sign used to diagnose?

Chronic instability Signup and view all the answers

What investigation is useful to demonstrate related pathology in chronic instability cases?

MRI Signup and view all the answers

What are the indications for surgery in ankle instability cases?

Chronic mechanical instability symptoms not responding to non-operative rehabilitation Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for a bunion?

Hallux valgus Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial treatment for hallux valgus?

Non-surgical management Signup and view all the answers

What is the dorsomedial approach used for in hallux valgus surgery?

To access the great toe Signup and view all the answers

What is the key to an accurate diagnosis in ankle injuries?

History taking and examination Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the foot is divided into three sections: hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot?

Forefoot Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Achilles tendon?

Plantarflexion of the foot Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the heel cord?

Achilles tendon Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the Achilles tendon approximately?

15 cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of treating foot and ankle pathology?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe walking on the soles of the foot in a balanced tripod?

Plantigrade Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical technique involves cleaning up the area of a tendon?

Debridement Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the foot compensates when the hindfoot valgus increases?

Forefoot Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical technique used to correct bone abnormalities in the foot?

Osteotomy Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the foot is vulnerable to pathology?

Achilles tendon Signup and view all the answers

Which bone forms the true ankle joint?

Talus Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bony point on the medial aspect of the ankle?

Medial malleolus Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is commonly known as the heel bone?

Calcaneus Signup and view all the answers

Which bone sits in the arch created by the tibia and fibula?

Talus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the foot?

Digestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Tarsal Tunnel?

To protect the nerves and blood vessels in the foot Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the foot when walking?

To propel the body forward Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the foot in shock absorption?

To absorb and distribute shock throughout the body Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is the Achilles tendon inserted into?

Calcaneus Signup and view all the answers

What movement is dorsiflexion of the ankle?

Moving the dorsal aspect of the foot up Signup and view all the answers

What movement is inversion of the ankle?

Swinging the foot in Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite movement of dorsiflexion?

Plantar flexion Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is responsible for dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?

True ankle joint Signup and view all the answers

Which ligaments stabilize the ankle joints?

Collateral ligaments Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is responsible for inversion and eversion?

Subtalar joint Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is located between the talus and calcaneus?

Subtalar joint Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament in the foot is known as the deltoid ligament?

Posterior talus fibula ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament is the first one to get damaged in an ankle injury?

Anterior talus fibula ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which joint in the foot allows both inversion and eversion movements?

Transverse tarsal joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the arches in the foot?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the medial longitudinal arch in the foot?

To provide stability and support during weight-bearing activities Signup and view all the answers

What can cause a fallen medial longitudinal arch?

Degeneration or injury of ligaments and tendons Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the plantar fascia in maintaining the arches of the foot?

To provide support and stability to the longitudinal arches Signup and view all the answers

What is plantar fasciitis?

An inflammatory condition of the plantar fascia Signup and view all the answers

Which compartments are found in the leg?

Anterior, posterior, and lateral Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for inflammation of the plantar fascia?

Plantar fasciitis Signup and view all the answers

What can be done to alleviate the pain of plantar fasciitis?

Rest and anti-inflammatories Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the foot is commonly affected by plantar fasciitis?

Sole Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Achilles tendon?

To extend the foot Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the painful stretching of the Achilles tendon during the first step?

Achilles tendinopathy Signup and view all the answers

T2 L12: Introduction to surgery of the foot and ankle (NHo)

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Questions and Answers

Which artery supplies the midsection of the Achilles tendon?

What is the surgical treatment for Achilles rupture?

Which position is the patient in during the surgical approach to the Achilles tendon?

What is the principal action of the Tibialis Posterior tendon?

What are the presenting symptoms of Tibialis Posterior Insufficiency?

What is the surgical treatment for Tibialis Posterior Insufficiency?

Which tendon is used for the transfer in Tibialis Posterior Dysfunction?

What is the surgical approach for the Tibialis Posterior tendon?

What is the surgical management for ankle arthritis?

What is the surgical approach for ankle arthrodesis?

Which ligament is commonly injured in ankle sprains?

What is the purpose of the anterior drawer test?

What is the recommended initial treatment for acute lateral ligament sprains?

What is the sulcus sign used to diagnose?

What investigation is useful to demonstrate related pathology in chronic instability cases?

What are the indications for surgery in ankle instability cases?

What is the medical term for a bunion?

What is the initial treatment for hallux valgus?

What is the dorsomedial approach used for in hallux valgus surgery?

What is the key to an accurate diagnosis in ankle injuries?

Which part of the foot is divided into three sections: hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot?

What is the main function of the Achilles tendon?

What is the medical term for the heel cord?

What is the length of the Achilles tendon approximately?

What is the main aim of treating foot and ankle pathology?

What is the term used to describe walking on the soles of the foot in a balanced tripod?

Which surgical technique involves cleaning up the area of a tendon?

Which part of the foot compensates when the hindfoot valgus increases?

What is the surgical technique used to correct bone abnormalities in the foot?

Which part of the foot is vulnerable to pathology?

Which bone forms the true ankle joint?

What is the name of the bony point on the medial aspect of the ankle?

Which bone is commonly known as the heel bone?

Which bone sits in the arch created by the tibia and fibula?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the foot?

What is the purpose of the Tarsal Tunnel?

What is the main function of the foot when walking?

What is the role of the foot in shock absorption?

Which bone is the Achilles tendon inserted into?

What movement is dorsiflexion of the ankle?

What movement is inversion of the ankle?

What is the opposite movement of dorsiflexion?

Which joint is responsible for dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?

Which ligaments stabilize the ankle joints?

Which joint is responsible for inversion and eversion?

Which joint is located between the talus and calcaneus?

Which ligament in the foot is known as the deltoid ligament?

Which ligament is the first one to get damaged in an ankle injury?

Which joint in the foot allows both inversion and eversion movements?

What is the function of the arches in the foot?

What is the purpose of the medial longitudinal arch in the foot?

What can cause a fallen medial longitudinal arch?

What is the role of the plantar fascia in maintaining the arches of the foot?

What is plantar fasciitis?

Which compartments are found in the leg?

What is the medical term for inflammation of the plantar fascia?

What can be done to alleviate the pain of plantar fasciitis?

Which part of the foot is commonly affected by plantar fasciitis?

What is the main function of the Achilles tendon?

What is the term used to describe the painful stretching of the Achilles tendon during the first step?

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