Foot Anatomy and Injury Prevention Quiz

Muscles located on the sole of the foot, responsible for bending the toes downwards.

Muscles located on the top of the foot, responsible for straightening the toes upwards and spreading them apart.

Movement of the toes towards the midline of the foot, bringing them closer together.

Movement of the toes away from the midline of the foot, spreading them apart.

Movement of the toes upwards, extending them in a straight position.

Movement of the toes downwards, bending them towards the sole.

These muscles help to control the movement of the ankle and foot.

These muscles are located within the foot and are responsible for fine movements of the toes.

Pain that arises when the injured area is pressed upon.

Inflammation of the bursa at the back of the heel, often caused by tight shoes or repetitive pressure.

A bony growth that can form on the back of the heel due to chronic inflammation of the retrocalcaneal bursa.

A foot injury caused by hyperextension of the big toe, often seen in athletes playing on artificial turf.

Examination of the body by touch, especially to feel for abnormalities like tenderness, swelling, or lumps.

A painful condition affecting the nerve between the metatarsal bones, causing numbness and tingling.

A fluid-filled sac that cushions and reduces friction between bones, tendons, and muscles.

A deformity of the big toe joint, where it angles towards other toes, often caused by tight or pointed shoes.

An inflamed bursa over the joint at the base of the big toe, often associated with bunions.

A condition in young athletes characterized by chronic inflammation at the Achilles tendon insertion on the heel bone.

Painful inflammation of the tissue on the bottom of the foot, often caused by overuse or high impact activities.

The area where a tendon attaches to bone.

A fracture in the second metatarsal bone of the foot, often caused by repeated stress.

The bony prominence at the back of the heel.

A condition involving the stretching or tearing of the ligaments supporting the metatarsals or longitudinal arch of the foot.

Thickened skin caused by pressure or friction from shoes, often found on the soles or toes.

Wearing socks without folds or wrinkles can help prevent skin irritation and excessive sweating, especially for athletes with sensitive skin.

Choosing the right shoe size is important for comfort and preventing injuries. Shoes should be broken in gradually before long periods of use.

A way to protect irritated skin by reducing friction. Friction can lead to blisters.

A type of bandage used to cover blisters and protect them from further irritation.

A soft ring-shaped pad that helps relieve pressure on a blister.

A common way to care for blisters, involving protecting the blister and keeping it clean to prevent infection.

A procedure to drain the fluid from a blister, typically performed by athletic trainers or physicians. This may be necessary to allow an athlete to continue playing.

A common foot injury where the ligaments supporting the metatarsal arch are stretched or torn, leading to pain and instability.

A condition where the metatarsals in the foot are unusually flexible and can spread apart, leading to a flattened arch.

A general term for pain or cramping in the ball of the foot.

A thick, hardened skin that often develops over a bony prominence, often due to repeated pressure or friction.

A type of exercise where you run in a swimming pool, allowing for resistance without putting weight on your joints.

An exercise machine that allows you to maintain cardiovascular fitness by pedaling with your arms.

A period of reduced activity used to allow an injury to heal.

A gradual return to physical activity after an injury, progressing from basic movements to more demanding exercises.

A buildup of dead skin caused by the pressure of improperly fitted shoes, primarily found on the top of toes and often associated with deformed toes.

A soft, painful callus located between the toes, typically occurring due to excessive foot perspiration and narrow shoes.

A condition where a toe bends abnormally at the middle joint, causing pressure points on the top of the toe, which can lead to hard corns.

A raised, fluid-filled pocket on the skin, usually caused by friction or pressure.

Cleaning a blister involves gently washing the area with soap and water, followed by rinsing with antiseptic. If the blister is broken, drainage with a sterile gauze pad is crucial.

Applying antibiotic ointment under and around the loose skin of a blister protects the area from infection. Covering with a sterile dressing assists in keeping the area clean and protected.

Removing dead skin from a blister is done by trimming it closely to the perimeter, typically within 2-3 days or when the underlying tissue has hardened.

A shin contusion occurs when a strong impact hits the shin bone, causing pain, swelling, and a visible hematoma (bruise).

A compartment syndrome is a serious condition where increased pressure within the muscles of the lower leg restricts blood flow and damages nerves.

Acute compartment syndrome occurs suddenly due to a traumatic injury to the leg, like a severe kick.

Acute exertional compartment syndrome happens during intense physical activity, caused by the muscles swelling and increasing pressure within the leg.

Chronic compartment syndrome develops gradually over time, often caused by repetitive or overuse injuries.

A hematoma is a collection of blood that pools under the skin, forming a bruise.

Aspirating a hematoma involves drawing fluid from the bruise using a needle.

A protective doughnut pad is worn to cushion and protect the injured area from further impact or pressure.

The athlete feels deep, aching pain, tightness, and swelling in the affected area. It's painful to stretch the involved muscles.

A way to measure the severity of compartment syndrome. Measures the pressure inside a body compartment.

A reduction of blood flow and nerve function that can occur with compartment syndrome.

Characterized by pain, tightness, and swelling in the involved area. The athlete may experience pain with passive stretching and reduced circulation.

Medial tibial stress syndrome is a condition that causes pain in the shin bone, typically caused by overuse or repetitive stress. It involves inflammation of the muscles, tendons, and bone tissues in the shin. If not treated appropriately, it can develop into a stress fracture.

A stress fracture is a tiny crack in a bone, often caused by overuse or repetitive stress. It's a more serious condition than medial tibial stress syndrome and requires rest and sometimes immobilization.

Shin contusions are a common injury caused by a direct blow or impact to the shinbone. Because the shinbone is close to the surface and lacks significant muscle or fat padding, it's highly susceptible to injury.

Wearing shin guards, especially in sports like soccer, can significantly reduce the risk of shin contusions. Shin guards provide a layer of protection against impacts.

Signs of a shin contusion include intense pain, swelling, and increased warmth in the area. A bulging hematoma, which is a collection of blood, may develop rapidly and can sometimes grow to the size of a golf ball.

Immediately after a shin contusion, it's important to rest the injured area and apply ice to reduce swelling and inflammation. Compression, such as a bandage, can also help, and elevation of the leg can further aid in reducing swelling.

The periosteum is a thin membrane that covers the outer surface of bones. It contains blood vessels and nerves that nourish and protect the bone.

In shin contusions, the impact is directly received by the periosteum, leading to pain and inflammation. This is because the force isn't dissipated by muscles or fat.