Food Web, Food Chain, Food Pyramid

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Questions and Answers

What are organisms?

Living things, such as plants, animals, or bacteria (correct)

Only animals

Non-living things

Only plants

What is an energy pyramid?

A diagram that shows the amount of energy available to pass from one level of a food chain to the next.

What are first-level consumers?

A type of consumer that eats producers (plants and algae).

What are second-level consumers?

A type of consumer that eats first-level consumers. Signup and view all the answers

What are third-level (tertiary) consumers?

A type of consumer that eats second-level consumers. Signup and view all the answers

What is competition in the context of organisms?

A contest in which organisms compete for limited resources when they live in the same niche. Signup and view all the answers

What is camouflage?

Patterns of body color used by animals to help them hide from predators. Signup and view all the answers

What is symbiosis?

A long-term relationship between different kinds of organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is mutualism?

A type of symbiosis in which both organisms benefit. Signup and view all the answers

What is parasitism?

A type of symbiosis in which only one organism benefits. Signup and view all the answers

What does extinct mean?

When the last individual in a population has died and the organism is gone forever. Signup and view all the answers

What does threatened mean?

An organism that is likely to become endangered. Signup and view all the answers

What is pollution?

Any waste product that damages (pollutes) an ecosystem. Signup and view all the answers

What is acid rain?

A type of rain that is made when water vapor in the air mixes with gases given off by cars and factories. Signup and view all the answers

What is deforestation?

Cutting down trees in an area to use the trees for lumber. Signup and view all the answers

What is conservation?

Saving resources. Signup and view all the answers

What does recycle mean?

Recovering a resource from an item and using the recovered resource to make a new item. Signup and view all the answers

What does reduce mean?

To cut down on the use of resources. Signup and view all the answers

What does reuse mean?

To not throw away items that can be used again. Signup and view all the answers

What are the ingredients needed for photosynthesis?

Sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and chlorophyll. Signup and view all the answers

Which organisms are capable of photosynthesis?

Plants and algae. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of biotic factors in an ecosystem?

Plants, animals, and algae. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of abiotic factors in an ecosystem?

Soil, gravel, rock, oxygen (air), dead leaf material, twigs, sunlight, water, and weather. Signup and view all the answers

What are scavengers?

Examples include vultures, isopods, and snails. Signup and view all the answers

What are decomposers?

Examples include bacteria, fungi, and mushrooms. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for all living things on Earth?

The sun. Signup and view all the answers

What is the job of decomposers?

To add nutrients to make soil more fertile by breaking down the tissues of dead animals. Signup and view all the answers

What will organisms do when resources are limited and they live in the same niche?

Organisms will compete for resources if they occupy the same niche. Signup and view all the answers

What is habitat destruction?

Destroying the habitat (homes) of animals. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of mutualism?

The relationship between a cleaner fish and a shark. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of parasitism?

The relationship between a flea and a dog. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of terrestrial ecosystems?

Deciduous forest, tropical rain forest, grasslands, desert, taiga, and tundra. Signup and view all the answers

What is a deciduous forest?

A terrestrial ecosystem in which trees shed their leaves each year. Signup and view all the answers

What is a tropical rain forest?

A terrestrial ecosystem that is famous for its many different kinds of flora and fauna. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organisms

Living entities classified as plants, animals, or bacteria.

Energy Pyramid

Diagrams illustrating energy transfer between levels of a food chain.

Consumers

First-level consumers: Organisms that feed on producers such as plants and algae.
Second-level consumers: Organisms that prey on first-level consumers.
Third-level consumers (tertiary): Organisms that feed on second-level consumers.

Competition

Occurs when organisms vie for limited resources in the same ecological niche.

Camouflage

Adaptation that allows animals to blend into their environment to evade predators.

Symbiosis

Long-term interactions between different species of organisms.

Mutualism

A symbiotic relationship benefiting both organisms involved.

Parasitism

A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of another.

Extinction

Occurs when the last member of a species has died out.

Threatened Species

Species that are in jeopardy of becoming endangered.

Pollution

Any harmful waste that contaminates ecosystems.

Acid Rain

Rain produced when water vapor combines with pollutants from vehicles and factories.

Deforestation

The removal of trees for timber, leading to habitat loss.

Conservation

The practice of preserving natural resources and protecting ecosystems.

Recycling

The process of recovering materials from waste to create new products.

Reducing Resource Use

Minimizing usage of resources, exemplified by utilizing reusable shopping bags.

Reuse

Extending the life of items by finding new uses for them instead of discarding.

Photosynthesis Requirements

Plants and algae require sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and chlorophyll to perform photosynthesis.

Biotic Components

Living entities in an ecosystem include plants, animals, and algae.

Abiotic Components

Non-living factors such as soil, minerals, air, and water that affect ecosystems.

Scavengers

Organisms that consume dead or decaying matter, such as vultures and isopods.

Decomposers

Fungi, bacteria, and mushrooms that break down dead organic material and recycle nutrients.

Primary Energy Source

The sun serves as the main energy source for life on Earth.

Role of Decomposers

Decomposers enrich soil fertility through the decomposition of organic matter.

Resource Limitation and Competition

If resources are scarce, organisms in the same niche will compete for survival.

Habitat Destruction

The leading cause of extinction today, resulting from the degradation of natural habitats.

Mutualism Example

A cleaner fish that cleans a shark’s teeth benefits from food and safety, while the shark gains dental hygiene.

Parasitism Example

A flea that feeds on a dog benefits from nourishment, while the dog suffers no advantage.

Terrestrial Ecosystems

Diverse biomes include deciduous forests, tropical rainforests, grasslands, deserts, taiga, and tundras.

Deciduous Forest

A biome characterized by trees that lose their leaves annually, experiencing moderate temperatures and rainfall.

Tropical Rainforest

A biodiverse ecosystem known for its immense variety of plant and animal life.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts related to ecosystems, focusing on the food web, food chain, and energy pyramid. It includes definitions and examples of organisms, first-level and second-level consumers, and more. Perfect for biology students looking to reinforce their understanding of energy flow in ecosystems.