Food Crises: The Big Picture

False (B)

Class plays a crucial role in understanding agricultural change and the consolidation of international value relations.

<p>Mexico and India</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longue Durée = A long-term historical perspective that analyzes change over centuries Agricultural Innovation = Development of new technologies and techniques to increase food production Capitalist Accumulation = The process of increasing wealth through the production and sale of goods and services State Reconfiguration = Changes in the structure and responsibilities of government in relation to agriculture Class Politics = The struggle for power and resources between different social classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patel argues that the narrative often overlooks the Rockefeller Foundation's initial motivations, which included anti-communist and pro-US-state agendas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To address agricultural surpluses in the US (A), To provide food aid to developing countries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distribution from national food stocks, public sector commercial imports, and promotion of private sector imports.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>food insecurity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Food aid = A major source of cereal availability in peak years Domestic food production = The primary source of food supply in poorer countries Food security = The consistent access to safe, nutritious food Food for work programs = More effective than ration programs in providing food security</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Political will and donor support for long-term investments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases in real income of the poor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accumulation via power over others (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Population grows exponentially, whereas food production grows linearly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>laissez-faire</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Irish Famine = Population decline and long-term political change Indian Great Famine = High mortality and weakened British power Liberal reforms = Free trade of grain and temporary relief Provincial Famine code = Soup kitchens and rationing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>India was forced to grow cash crops instead of food crops, while Ireland did not. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>god</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Industrial soup kitchens were efficient, rational, and impersonal, while pre-industrial ones were small-scale and based on patronage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A military weapon to kill people and morale. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The political demands of donors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is hard to prove a famine was intended.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>humanitarian crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humanitarian aid = Assistance provided to relieve human suffering Complex emergencies = Combination of natural and human adversity Atrocity Famines = Famine driven by political actions and inhumanity IPC scale = A system to measure the severity of food insecurity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased reliance on cash crops (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1, 2, or 3 meals a day</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Private food sharing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shift from food production to purchasing food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shortage of land = Reduced food production Urbanization = Less local farming High costs = Increased food prices Loss of knowledge = Decrease in farming techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Kastom' garden movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Food is brought from another location to a crisis area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local and regional purchase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Programme aid = Donation or selling of food surpluses Project aid = Earmarked food for specific purposes Relief emergency = Response to immediate crises Innovative assistance = Localized and rapid food distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>World Food Program (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ambiguity in the definition of crises</p> Signup and view all the answers

International aid is often driven by donor nations' political interests, rather than solely by the needs of hungry people.

The rise in humanitarian aid isn't just due to more people needing help, but also due to increased political focus on giving aid.

While humanitarian aid can provide relief, it can't address the root causes of famine. Aid efforts are often limited by political considerations.

The term "humanitarian crisis" was adopted to address various complex emergency situations, including famines, often caused by both natural disasters and human conflict.

Humanitarian crises are measured based on the number of deaths and the severity of hardship, often using the IPC scale.

Accumulating wealth through exploiting others, often through colonizing and extracting resources.

The political and economic system that emerged in the 19th century, shifting focus from nations and people to markets.

The idea that populations grow exponentially while food production grows linearly, leading to inevitable scarcity and famine.

The catastrophic period of starvation in Ireland caused by potato blight and exacerbated by British policies.

The devastating famine that struck India in the 19th century, caused by drought, colonial policies and lack of relief efforts.

The British government's approach to famine relief, characterized by limited intervention and reliance on free markets, often resulting in inadequate aid.

The British Empire's response to famines, including policies like free trade of grain, temporary relief acts, and establishment of provincial famine codes.

Places where food and basic necessities are provided to the impoverished, often during times of famine.

Using famine as a weapon to break the morale and resistance of a population during times of conflict.

The impact of government policies and actions on the lives of individuals and communities.

Using food production or distribution to influence political situations.

Providing food as a form of aid during humanitarian crises.

Food aid is often given with conditions attached such as good governance or human rights.

Donating or selling food surpluses to developing countries for local market sales.

Specific food aid earmarked for defined purposes like development projects or disaster relief.

Food aid given directly to those in immediate need during emergencies.

A significant shift in food aid distribution after the 2004 tsunami. It involved local and regional food purchases instead of relying on traditional channels.

The World Food Programme (WFP) now aims to provide not just food but solutions to hunger challenges.

The ability of a nation to reliably provide enough food for its population, ensuring everyone has access to safe and nutritious food.

Government programs that aim to support poor households during emergencies or periods of food insecurity. They can involve direct cash transfers, food rations, or work-for-food programs.

Programs that offer employment in exchange for food, providing a way for individuals to earn food while contributing to community or infrastructure projects.

The primary source of food for most poorer countries, subject to fluctuations due to factors like weather or conflict. These fluctuations are a significant contributor to food insecurity.

The use of surplus agricultural goods to aid developing countries, a policy that led to the reliance on inexpensive grain imports, potentially undermining local agriculture.

Government policies that address food shortages by managing national food reserves, importing food, or promoting private sector imports.

Government strategies to support food security during crises, including direct food aid and public employment programs like work-for-food initiatives. These programs offer temporary relief and stability.

Changes in food production and consumption patterns due to the influence of global markets and Western diets, often leading to a shift away from traditional, nutritious foods.

A situation where individuals or communities lack the financial means to consistently purchase enough food to meet their nutritional needs.

The shift of people from rural areas to urban centers, often leading to changes in food access and traditional farming practices.

The practice of reviving traditional food systems and agricultural methods, often as a response to declining cash incomes and food insecurity.

Informal networks of food sharing among family and community members, providing a safety net during times of food scarcity.

Large communal meals or feasts celebrating traditional foods and cultural values, often involving the sharing of food and gifts.

The potential for responses to food insecurity to be ineffective due to factors like climate change, individualism, and foreign aid policies.

The Green Revolution's impact goes beyond a simple increase in crop yields. It's important to understand its long-term consequences, like the creation of new markets and changes in land ownership. This means looking at its history in a long-term context, considering the factors that led to it and how it continues to affect agricultural practices today.

The Green Revolution involved more than just science and new technologies. It was also about power, politics, and social change. Understanding the role of class, power, and international influences is crucial to understanding how the Green Revolution reshaped agriculture around the world.

The Rockefeller Foundation played a crucial role in promoting the Green Revolution. It pushed for specific techniques, like new seed varieties, and influenced government policies. This had a direct impact on the way farming developed in many countries.

The Green Revolution wasn't just about food security; it was also about managing social tensions and ensuring food supply for growing urban populations. It involved strategic decision-making and political considerations, beyond just helping farmers.

The "New Green Revolution" aims to address the shortcomings of the original Green Revolution, emphasizing sustainability and smaller farmers. However, this approach faces questions about whether the lessons learned from the first Green Revolution have been fully implemented.

The Green Revolution was not just about producing more food. It also involved strategies for managing tensions between different classes and groups in society, especially in urban areas.

The Green Revolution's history and impact are complex. It's important to understand the context, the different players involved, and the long-term consequences of its changes.

The Green Revolution might have increased yields, but it didn't address the root causes of hunger and inequality. It's important to look beyond the numbers and consider the social and economic factors that contribute to hunger.