Questions and Answers
Which demographic factor influences food choices due to personal experiences and societal norms?
How does educational level impact food choices?
Which demographic factor is likely to change as individuals grow older?
What demographic factor may influence food choices primarily by affecting financial resources?
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Which of the following senses does NOT contribute to flavor?
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Which of the following demographic factors is least likely to change throughout life?
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What aspect of food does flavor primarily address?
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Which of the following elements is NOT mentioned as part of flavor?
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The feeling of food in the mouth is referred to as:
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Which combination of senses contribute to flavor?
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What is a key component of culture?
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Which of the following best describes culture?
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Which of the following does NOT typically relate to culture?
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Culture can be influenced by which of the following factors?
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Which term is least associated with the concept of culture?
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Which factor primarily relates to personal taste when choosing food?
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Which of the following factors is likely to affect food choices based on one’s background?
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What factor might influence food choices due to societal pressures and experiences?
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Which factor includes concerns about sustainability and climate change?
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Which factor is least likely to influence food choices regarding health conditions?
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Which nutrient class is responsible for providing energy?
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Which of the following nutrients promotes growth and maintenance of the body?
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Which nutrient class is involved in regulating body processes?
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What aspect do minerals primarily promote in the body?
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Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is true?
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Which of the following substances yield energy?
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What do micronutrients primarily consist of?
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What is the primary difference between macronutrients and micronutrients?
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How many kcalories does alcohol provide per gram?
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Which group of nutrients does not promote body growth or maintenance?
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Which physical activity expends the most calories per hour for a 154-pound person?
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How many Kcals/hour are burned during weight lifting (general light workout) for a 154-pound person?
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Which of the following activities burns fewer calories than walking at 3.5 mph?
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Which activity is classified as moderate physical activity?
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What is the calorie expenditure for walking at 4.5 mph for a 154-pound person?
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What is the definition of diet?
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How are kilocalories in food determined?
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Which of the following factors contributes to determining your kilocalorie needs?
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Which statement correctly describes basal metabolism?
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What is the thermic effect of food primarily related to?
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Which factor contributes to a higher basal metabolic rate (BMR) in men compared to women?
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How does age affect basal metabolic rate (BMR) after the age of 30?
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Which of the following conditions is known to increase BMR substantially?
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What environmental condition can affect basal metabolic rate (BMR) by promoting heat retention?
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Which statement is true regarding sleep and basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
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Which nutrient provides the highest number of kcalories per gram?
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How many kcalories does a gram of carbohydrates provide?
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Which of the following nutrients does NOT provide energy?
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What is the energy yield of protein per gram?
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How many grams are in one ounce?
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Study Notes
Culture and Religion
- Culture encompasses behaviors and beliefs of specific social, ethnic, or age groups, influencing lifestyle and food choices.
Demographics
- Food choices are affected by demographics, including age, gender, educational level, income, and cultural background.
Flavor
- Flavor integrates taste, smell, mouthfeel, texture, and temperature; engages all five senses: taste, smell, touch, sight, and sound.
- Essential nutrients:
- Micronutrients require small amounts, including vitamins and minerals.
- Macronutrients needed in larger amounts include carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
Food Choice Factors
- Factors influencing food choices:
- Flavor and sensory aspects
- Cultural and religious beliefs
- Social and emotional context
- Environmental concerns
- Demographic influences
- Health considerations
- The food industry and media impact
Energy Yielding Nutrients
- Energy-yielding nutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) provide caloric energy:
- Carbohydrates: 4 kcal/gram
- Lipids: 9 kcal/gram
- Proteins: 4 kcal/gram
Nutrients
- Nutrients categorized into six classes fulfill different roles:
- Carbohydrates provide energy and regulate body processes.
- Lipids provide energy, support growth, and regulate body processes.
- Proteins provide energy, support growth, and regulate processes.
- Vitamins promote growth/maintenance and regulate processes.
- Minerals promote growth/maintenance and regulate processes.
- Water supports growth/maintenance and regulates processes.
Physical Activity & Energy Expenditure
- Common activities and their calorie expenditure per hour for a 154-pound person:
- Hiking: 367 kcal
- Light gardening, dancing: 331 kcal
- Bicycling (<10 mph): 294 kcal
- Walking (3.5 mph): 279 kcal
- Weight lifting (light): 220 kcal
- Running/jogging (5 mph): 588 kcal
- Swimming (slow freestyle): 514 kcal
- Aerobics: 478 kcal
Diet
- Diet refers to the regular consumption of specific foods and beverages.
Kilocalories
- Kilocalories measure energy from food; determined by burning a portion of food and measuring heat produced.
- Daily kilocaloric requirements depend on:
- Basal metabolism, which sustains vital functions at rest.
- Thermic effect of food related to physical activity and digestion energy needs.
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
- BMR influenced by various factors:
- Gender: Men have higher BMR due to more muscle.
- Age: BMR declines by approximately 2% per decade after 30 years.
- Growth periods show increased BMR.
- Height: Taller individuals have a higher BMR.
- Body temperature: BMR rises in extreme temperatures.
- Fever and stress increase BMR significantly.
- Exercise boosts BMR for hours post-activity.
- Smoking and caffeine raise energy expenditure.
- BMR is lowest during sleep.
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Description
Explore how culture and demographics shape our food choices. This quiz delves into the factors influencing flavor, sensory experiences, and the importance of nutrients in our diet. Understand the intersection of personal, social, and environmental aspects in food selection.
