Questions and Answers
What are the essential nutrients found in food?
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals
How do omnivorous humans adapt to obtain food?
They are highly adaptable and obtain food in many different ecosystems
What is the primary source of food energy for humans?
Industrial food industry
What does food provide to an organism's cells?
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How do different species of animals adapt to fill specific ecological niches?
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Study Notes
Essential Nutrients and Food
- Six essential nutrients found in food: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water
- These nutrients provide energy, build and repair tissues, and regulate various bodily functions
Human Adaptation to Obtain Food
- Omnivorous humans adapt to obtain food through a variety of methods, including hunting, gathering, agriculture, and domestication of animals
- Humans have also developed tools, cooking, and food preservation techniques to acquire and utilize food
Primary Source of Food Energy
- Carbohydrates are the primary source of food energy for humans, providing 4 kcal/gram
- Fats are the secondary source of energy, providing 9 kcal/gram, while proteins provide 4 kcal/gram
Role of Food in Cellular Function
- Food provides energy and nutrients to an organism's cells, supporting metabolic processes and maintaining homeostasis
- Food also provides building blocks for growth, maintenance, and repair of cells, tissues, and organs
Adaptation of Animals to Ecological Niches
- Different species of animals adapt to fill specific ecological niches through specialized physical and behavioral traits
- Examples of adaptations include beaks for specific diets, camouflage for predator avoidance, and burrowing for shelter and protection
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